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Cited by 445

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 340 of the 340 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Occurrence, interactive effects and ecological risk of diclofenac in environmental compartments and biota - a review

Sathishkumar, Palanivel, Meena, Ramakrishnan Anu Alias, Palanisami, Thavamani, Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu, Palvannan, Thayumanavan, Gu, Feng Long·2020·Science of The Total Environment

Abstract

Diclofenac, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug has turned into a contaminant of emerging concern; hence, it was included in the previous Watch List of the EU Water Framework Directive. This review paper aims to highlight the metabolism of diclofenac at different trophic levels, its occurrence, ecological risks, and interactive effects in the water cycle and biota over the past two decades. Increased exposure to diclofenac not only raises health concerns for vultures, aquatic organisms, and higher plants but also causes serious threats to mammals. The ubiquitous nature of diclofenac in surface water (river, lake canal, estuary, and sea) is compared with drinking water, groundwater, and wastewater effluent in the environment. This comprehensive survey from previous studies suggests the fate of diclofenac in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and may predict its persistence in the environment. This review offers evidence of fragmentary available data for the water environment, soil, sediment, and biota worldwide and supports the need for further data to address the risks associated with the presence of diclofenac in the environment. Finally, we suggest that the presence of diclofenac and its metabolites in the environment may represent a high risk because of their synergistic interactions with existing contaminants, leading to the development of drug-resistant strains and the formation of newly emerging pollutants.

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Metadata

Authors
Sathishkumar, P., Meena, R. A. A., Palanisami, T., Ashokkumar, V., Palvannan, T., & Gu, F. L.
Venue
Science of The Total Environment
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-01
Volume
698
Pages
134057
ISSN
0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2970329278
Cited by
445
References
340
FWCI
12.58
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Occurrence, interactive effects and ecological risk of diclofenac in environmental compartments and biota - a review. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134057
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Sathishkumar, P., Meena, R. A. A., Palanisami, T., Ashokkumar, V., Palvannan, T., & Gu, F. L. (2020). Occurrence, interactive effects and ecological risk of diclofenac in environmental compartments and biota - a review. Science of The Total Environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134057

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.