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RETRACTED: Biochar modulating soil biological health: A review
Open accessAbstract
Biochar can be used for multifunctional applications including the improvement of soil health and carbon storage, remediation of contaminated soil and water resources, mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and odorous compounds, and feed supplementation to improve animal health. A healthy soil preserves microbial biodiversity that is effective in supressing plant pathogens and pests, recycling nutrients for plant growth, promoting positive symbiotic associations with plant roots, improving soil structure to supply water and nutrients, and ultimately enhancing soil productivity and plant growth. As a soil amendment, biochar assures soil biological health through different processes. First, biochar supports habitats for microorganisms due to its porous nature and by promoting the formation of stable soil micro-aggregates. Biochar also serves as a carbon and nutrient source. Biochar alters soil physical and chemical properties, creating optimum soil conditions for microbial diversity. Biochar can also immobilize soil pollutants and reduce their bioavailability that would otherwise inhibit microbial growth. However, depending on the pyrolysis settings and feedstock resources, biochar can be comprised of contaminants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and potentially toxic elements that can inhibit microbial activity, thereby impacting soil health.
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“This phytoremediation mechanism can be further enhanced by cultivating the plant in conjunction with biochar amendments, which improve soil structure and increase nutrient availability while simultaneously immobilizing PTEs and reducing their uptake into above-ground tissues [20, 21].”
From Differential effects of sewage sludge and food waste biochars on Miscanthus × giganteus phytostabilization on acidic brownfield soil (2026) · cites this paper as [20]
In the citing paper
“When applied as an amendment to the soil, this material can improve soil health, enhance plant productivity and phytoremediation by immobilizing pollutants, increasing soil pH, enriching microbial activity, and improving soil structure and nutrient availability [19–21].”
From Differential effects of sewage sludge and food waste biochars on Miscanthus × giganteus phytostabilization on acidic brownfield soil (2026) · cites this paper as [20]
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Self-citationRetractedRETRACTED: Mobilization of contaminants: Potential for soil remediation and unintended consequences
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Self-citationCalcium carbonate modified Biochar ameliorates acid soil properties and promotes soybean growth
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Sources, distribution, stability and management of deep soil carbon in agricultural systems
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“This phytoremediation mechanism can be further enhanced by cultivating the plant in conjunction with biochar amendments, which improve soil structure and increase nutrient availability while simultaneously immobilizing PTEs and reducing their uptake into above-ground tissues [20, 21].”
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Invertebrate community responses to biochar addition in NTFP-enriched Amazonian secondary forests
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bolan, S., Sharma, S., Mukherjee, S., Kumar, M., Rao, C. S., Nataraj, K. C., Singh, G., Vinu, A., Bhowmik, A., Sharma, H., El-Naggar, A., Chang, S. X., Hou, D., Rinklebe, J., Wang, H., Siddique, K. H. M., Abbott, L. K., Kirkham, M. B., & Bolan, N.
- Affiliations
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Shoolini University (IN)
- Amity University (IN)
- Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University (IN)
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University (US)
- University of Alberta (CA)
- Tsinghua University (CN)
- University of Wuppertal (DE)
- Foshan University (CN)
- Kansas State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bolan, Nanthi
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science of The Total Environment
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2024-03
- Volume
- 914
- Pages
- 169585
- ISSN
- 0048-9697 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4390276564
- Cited by
- 209
- References
- 315
- Citations by year
- 2026: 87 · 2025: 92 · 2024: 30
- FWCI
- 31.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Status
- Retracted
- Update notices
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- The Science of The Total Environment (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (University of Western Australia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Health and Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Fuel Technology › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Humic Substances and Bio-Organic Studies
- Keywords
- biochar, soil biological health, soil microbial diversity, soil amendment, soil microaggregates, soil carbon storage, soil remediation, greenhouse gas emissions reduction, plant pathogen suppression, nutrient immobilization, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, potentially toxic elements
- MeSH terms
- Carbon, Charcoal, Environmental Pollution, Soil, Soil Pollutants
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