CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 116Prostate Cancer Treatment and ResearchHormonal and reproductive studiesCancer, Lipids, and Metabolism

Steroid biosynthesis and prostate cancer

Sharifi, Nima, Auchus, Richard J.·2012·Steroids
DOI 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.03.015
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The pathways of androgen biosynthesis in human beings have been studied for decades, and the major pathways and enzymes responsible for testosterone and dihydrotestosterone synthesis are now well described. Minor or alternate pathways, which might contribute substantially to androgen production in specific states, have also emerged. Likewise, the requirement of androgen for prostate formation and growth date back over a half-century, and the dependence of prostate cancer on androgens has been known and exploited for as long. Despite the success of testicular removal or suppression, androgen receptor antagonists, and androgen synthesis inhibitors in the treatment of prostate cancer, the sources of androgen, their routes of synthesis, and the contributions of various routes remain topics of debate, particularly in castration-resistant disease when circulating androgens are very low. Here we review the major pathways of 19-carbon steroid synthesis in the adrenal and gonad, peripheral pathways to active androgens, and recent data charting flux of androgen precursors in prostate cancer. We are far from a unified understanding of androgen generation in prostate cancer, but the similarities and differences from glandular androgen synthesis that have already emerged provide important clues to designing the next generation of treatments for this common and devastating disease.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.03.015

Cites

86 of 86 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • AKR1C2 and AKR1C4 play critical roles in the backdoor androgen pathway, in which 5α-reduction occurs at the level of pregnanes.

    “In this manner AKR1C2 and AKR1C4 enzymes play a critical role in the “backdoor pathway” of androgen formation in which 5α-reduction occurs at the levels of the pregnanes”

    From Role of aldo-keto reductase family 1 (AKR1) enzymes in human steroid metabolism (2014) · cites this paper as [35]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Sharifi, N., & Auchus, R. J.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
  • University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author
Auchus, Richard J.
ORCID
Venue
Steroids
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2012-06
Volume
77
Issue
7
Pages
719-726
ISSN
0039-128X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.steroids.2012.03.015
OpenAlex
W1996592956
Cited by
116
References
86
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 2
FWCI
1.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Steroids (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
Keywords
androgen production, prostate cancer, testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, adrenal androgen synthesis, androgen precursors, castration-resistant prostate cancer, androgen receptor antagonists, androgen synthesis inhibitors, prostate development
MeSH terms
Humans, Male, Prostate, Prostatic Neoplasms, Steroids

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review