Exploring data use practices around Europe: Identifying enablers and barriers

Most of the data are inaccessible for teachers.

“Second, most of the data are inaccessible for teachers (Schildkamp et al., 2014).”

Appropriate and effective display of comprehensive data ensures quick and accurate information retrieval to make timely informed decisions.

“Rankin (2016) and Schildkamp et al. (2014) argue that appropriate and effective display of comprehensive data ensures quick and accurate information retrieval to make timely informed decisions.”

Similar interoperability problems were seen in previous studies that attempt to use aggregated data from data warehouses.

“Similar interoperability problems were seen in previous studies that attempt to use aggregated data from data warehouses (Schildkamp et al., 2014).”

Support in resource allocation, provision of tools, community networks, and appropriate training has positive outcomes around data use.

“Specifically detailed is the support in resource allocation, provision of tools, community networks, and appropriate training which was found to have positive outcomes around data use (Schildkamp et al., 2014).”

Organisational routines such as data team collaboration and the process of inquiry are important to support data use amongst teachers.

“For example, organisational routines such as data team collaboration and the process of inquiry are important to support data use amongst teachers (Schildkamp et al., 2014).”

Knowledge and skills of data systems facilitate teachers' data use.

“Knowledge and skills of data systems facilitate teachers' data use Schildkamp et al., (2014).”

The lack of data literacy can cause ineffective data use because decisions might be influenced by incorrect data analysis and interpretation, leading to inappropriate instructional interventions.

“Schildkamp et al. (2014) emphasise that the lack of data literacy can cause ineffective data use because decisions might be influenced by incorrect data analysis and interpretation, leading to inappropriate instructional interventions.”

People support through a data expert in school enables teachers access to data.

“Furthermore, people support through a data expert in school enables teachers access to data (Schildkamp et al., 2014).”

Several studies in this review revealed system characteristics that influence teachers' data use.

“Several studies in this review revealed system characteristics that influence teachers' data use (Farley-Ripple et al., 2021;Rankin, 2016;Schildkamp et al., 2014).”

Based on previous research, knowledge has been gained about the effective features of professional development in the use of data, and about the most important enablers and barriers to using data to improve the quality of teaching and learning.

“Based on previous research conducted in di ff erent countries (e.g. Schildkamp and Kuiper 2010; Schildkamp, Karbautzki, and Vanhoof 2014; Schildkamp and Poortman 2015; Schildkamp et al. 2017; Schildkamp & Poortman, 2019), we have gained knowledge about the e ff ective features of professional development in the use of data, and we are more aware of the most important enablers and barriers when”