Cytokinesis: Welcome to the Rho zone
Abstract
Cytokinesis follows nuclear division and generates two distinct daughter cells, each replete with a full complement of the genome and cytoplasmic organelles. Members of the Rho family of GTPases are crucial regulators of this process in a wide variety of species. In many cell types, cytokinesis is mediated by a discretely localized contractile ring that is rich in actin and myosin. In this article (which is part of the Cytokinesis series), we review recent studies in animal cells that have shown that local assembly of the contractile ring is mediated by a discrete pool of GTP-bound, active RhoA. Advances in detecting the active pool of RhoA have allowed insights into the mechanisms and the molecules that promote the accumulation of active RhoA at the correct time and place in the cell.
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Active RhoA promotes the formation and stabilization of the cleavage furrow through its control of actin polymerization.
“Active RhoA promotes the formation and stabilization of the cleavage furrow through its control of actin polymerization and drives the contraction of the contractile ring through its stimulation of MLC phosphorylation.”
From RhoA Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [123]
Citron kinase regulates proper spindle orientation by promoting nucleation and stability of astral microtubules.
“Citron kinase also regulates proper spindle orientation by promoting nucleation and stability of astral microtubules.”
From RhoA Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [123]
mDia regulates actin polymerization and formation of the contractile ring.
“While mDia regulates actin polymerization and formation of the contractile ring, ROCK phosphorylates MLC and MYPT1 to activate myosin for furrow ingression, and citron K is required for late cytokinesis stages of abscission [123].”
From RhoA Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [123]
ROCK phosphorylates MLC and MYPT1 to activate myosin for furrow ingression.
“While mDia regulates actin polymerization and formation of the contractile ring, ROCK phosphorylates MLC and MYPT1 to activate myosin for furrow ingression, and citron K is required for late cytokinesis stages of abscission [123].”
From RhoA Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [123]
Citron K is required for late cytokinesis stages of abscission.
“While mDia regulates actin polymerization and formation of the contractile ring, ROCK phosphorylates MLC and MYPT1 to activate myosin for furrow ingression, and citron K is required for late cytokinesis stages of abscission [123].”
From RhoA Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [123]
Citron kinase phosphorylates MLC, di-phosphorylates it at Thr18 and Ser19, and causes a different localization of myosin in the furrow, particularly at late stages of cytokinesis.
“Similarly to ROCK, citron kinase phosphorylates MLC, but it di-phosphorylates it at Thr18 and Ser19 and causes a different localization of myosin in the furrow, particularly at late stages of cytokinesis [123].”
From RhoA Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [123]
Active RhoA drives contraction of the contractile ring through stimulation of MLC phosphorylation.
“Active RhoA promotes the formation and stabilization of the cleavage furrow through its control of actin polymerization and drives the contraction of the contractile ring through its stimulation of MLC phosphorylation.”
From RhoA Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases (2022) · cites this paper as [123]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Anillin is a scaffold protein that links RhoA, actin, and myosin during cytokinesis
Piekny, A. J., & Glotzer, M. (2008) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.11.068 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Self-citationTargeting and transport: How microtubules control focal adhesion dynamics
Stehbens, S., & Wittmann, T. (2012) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.201206050 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Wolfe, B. A., Takaki, T., Petronczki, M., & Glotzer, M. (2009) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000110 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Self-citationCentralspindlin: at the heart of cytokinesis
White, E. A., & Glotzer, M. (2012) · Cytoskeleton · doi:10.1002/cm.21065 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Self-citationRhoA Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Schmidt, S. I., Blaabjerg, M., Freude, K., & Meyer, M. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11091520 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
An anillin-Ect2 complex stabilizes central spindle microtubules at the cortex during cytokinesis
Frenette, P., Haines, E., Loloyan, M., Kinal, M., Pakarian, P., & Piekny, A. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034888 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationOdell, G. M., & Foe, V. E. (2008) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200807129 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
- Authors
- Piekny, A., Werner, M., & Glotzer, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Corresponding author
- Glotzer, Michael
- Venue
- Trends in Cell Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-12
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 651-658
- ISSN
- 0962-8924 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2050892933
- Cited by
- 365
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 1.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Washington
- Universidad CES
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM085087)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Keywords
- cytokinesis, RhoA, Rho GTPases, contractile ring, actomyosin, cell division, myosin, actin
- MeSH terms
- Actins, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Myosins, rho GTP-Binding Proteins, rhoA GTP-Binding Protein, Cytokinesis
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