Ethics of autonomous weapons systems and its applicability to any AI systems
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Most AI is dual-use.
“It has been plausibly claimed that most AI is dual-use [111].”
From Episodic Memory in AI Agents Poses Risks that Should be Studied and Mitigated (2025) · cites this paper as [111]
Cites
Floridi, L., Cowls, J., Beltrametti, M., Chatila, R., Chazerand, P., Dignum, V., Luetge, C., Madelin, R., Pagallo, U., Rossi, F., et al. (2018) · Minds and Machines · doi:10.1007/s11023-018-9482-5 · Cited by 4,774 · see citing works
A model for types and levels of human interaction with automation
Parasuraman, R., Sheridan, T. B., & Wickens, C. D. (2000) · IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans · doi:10.1109/3468.844354 · Cited by 4,195 · see citing works
Algorithm appreciation: People prefer algorithmic to human judgment
Logg, J. M., Minson, J. A., & Moore, D. A. (2019) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2018.12.005 · Cited by 2,061 · see citing works
Don’t let industry write the rules for AI
Benkler, Y. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-019-01413-1 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Habbal, A., Ali, M. K., & Abuzaraida, M. A. (2024) · Expert Systems with Applications · doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2023.122442 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Rashid, A. B., Kausik, A. K., Al Hassan Sunny, A., & Bappy, M. H. (2023) · International Journal of Intelligent Systems · doi:10.1155/2023/8676366 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Bell, A., Nov, O., & Stoyanovich, J. (2023) · Data & Policy · doi:10.1017/dap.2023.8 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Episodic Memory in AI Agents Poses Risks that Should be Studied and Mitigated
DeChant, C. (2025) · 2025 IEEE Conference on Secure and Trustworthy Machine Learning (SaTML) · doi:10.1109/satml64287.2025.00024 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“It has been plausibly claimed that most AI is dual-use [111].”
- Authors
- Gómez de Ágreda, Á.
- Venue
- Telecommunications Policy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-07
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 101953
- ISSN
- 0308-5961 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3014804709
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 16.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Telecommunications Policy (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Social Sciences › Law › Digitalization, Law, and Regulation
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Military Strategy and Technology
- Keywords
- autonomous weapons, AI ethics, dual-use technology, artificial intelligence in warfare, human agency, moral responsibility, human control over AI, code of ethics, algorithmic transparency
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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