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Cited by 64Poxvirus research and outbreaksVirology and Viral DiseasesViral Infections and Outbreaks Research

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Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of the recent Mpox outbreak

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Giorgi, Federico M., Pozzobon, Daniele, Di Meglio, Antonio, Mercatelli, Daniele·2024·Vaccine
DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.086

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Abstract

The Mpox (formerly named Monkeypox) virus is the etiological cause of a recent multi-country outbreak, with thousands of distinct cases detected outside the endemic areas of Africa as of December 2023. In this article, we analyze the sequences of full genomes of Mpox virus from Europe and compare them with all available Mpox sequences of historical relevance, annotated by year and geographic origin, as well as related Cowpox and Variola (smallpox) virus sequences. Our results show that the recent outbreak is most likely originating from the West African clade of Mpox, with >99 % sequence identity with sequences derived from historical and recent cases, dating from 1971 to 2017. We analyze specific mutations occurring in viral proteins between the current outbreak, previous Mpox and Cowpox sequences, and the historical Variola virus. Genome-wide sequence analysis of the recent outbreak and other Mpox/Cowpox/Variola viruses shows a very high conservation, with 97.9 % (protein-based) and 97.8 % (nucleotide-based) sequence identity. We identified significant correlation in human transcriptional responses as well, with a conserved immune pathway response induced in human cell cultures by the three families of Pox virus. The similarities identified between the major strains of Pox viruses, as well as within the Mpox clades, both at the genomic and transcriptomic levels, provide a molecular basis for the observed efficacy of Variola vaccines in other Poxviruses.

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Metadata

Authors
Giorgi, F. M., Pozzobon, D., Di Meglio, A., & Mercatelli, D.
Affiliations
University of Bologna (IT)
Corresponding author
Giorgi, Federico M.
ORCID
Venue
Vaccine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2024-03
Volume
42
Issue
7
Pages
1841-1849
ISSN
0264-410X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.12.086
OpenAlex
W4391510034
Cited by
64
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 16
FWCI
8.11
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Vaccine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca (2022CEHEX8)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › Poxvirus research and outbreaks
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Virology and Viral Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
Keywords
monkeypox virus, monkeypox outbreak, cowpox virus, variola virus, smallpox, West African clade, host immune response
MeSH terms
Animals, Disease Outbreaks, DNA, Viral, Humans, Monkeypox virus, Poxviridae, Smallpox, Variola virus, Cowpox, Gene Expression Profiling, Genomics, Mpox, Monkeypox, Mpox (monkeypox)

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