An inconvenient truth: Global worming and anthelmintic resistance

Kaplan, Ray M.; Vidyashankar, Anand N.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.11.048

Cited by 849Helminth infection and controlVeterinary Pharmacology and AnesthesiaMollusks and Parasites Studies

An inconvenient truth: Global worming and anthelmintic resistance

Kaplan, Ray M., Vidyashankar, Anand N.·2012·Veterinary Parasitology

DOI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.11.048

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Abstract

Over the past 10-15 years, we have witnessed a rapid increase in both the prevalence and magnitude of anthelmintic resistance, and this increase appears to be a worldwide phenomenon. Reports of anthelmintic resistance to multiple drugs in individual parasite species, and in multiple parasite species across virtually all livestock hosts, are increasingly common. In addition, since the introduction of ivermectin in 1981, no novel anthelmintic classes were developed and introduced for use in livestock until recently with the launch of monepantel in New Zealand. Thus, livestock producers are often left with few options for effective treatment against many important parasite species. While new anthelmintic classes with novel mechanisms of action could potentially solve this problem, new drugs are extremely expensive to develop, and can be expected to be more expensive than older drugs. Thus, it seems clear that the "Global Worming" approach that has taken hold over the past 40-50 years must change, and livestock producers must develop a new vision for parasite control and sustainability of production. Furthermore, parasitologists must improve methods for study design and data analysis that are used for diagnosing anthelmintic resistance, especially for the fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT). Currently, standards for diagnosis of anthelmintic resistance using FECRT exist only for sheep. Lack of standards in horses and cattle and arbitrarily defined cutoffs for defining resistance, combined with inadequate analysis of the data, mean that errors in assigning resistance status are common. Similarly, the lack of standards makes it difficult to compare data among different studies. This problem needs to be addressed, because as new drugs are introduced now and in the future, the lack of alternative treatments will make early and accurate diagnosis of anthelmintic resistance increasingly important.

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Authors: Kaplan, R. M., & Vidyashankar, A. N.
Affiliations: University of Georgia (US)
George Mason University (US)
Corresponding author: Kaplan, Ray M.
ORCID: Kaplan, Ray M.
Vidyashankar, Anand N.
Venue: Veterinary Parasitology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2012-05
Volume: 186
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 70-78
ISSN: 0304-4017 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.11.048
OpenAlex: W2041327979
Cited by: 849
References: 72
Citations by year: 2026: 50 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 50 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 91 · 2021: 81 · 2020: 71 · 2019: 67 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 62 · 2016: 59 · 2015: 41 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 33 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 37.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Veterinary Parasitology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine
Topics: Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Helminth infection and control
Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary Pharmacology and Anesthesia
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Mollusks and Parasites Studies
Keywords: anthelmintic resistance, livestock parasites, faecal egg count reduction test, monepantel, ivermectin, parasite control, horses, cattle, sheep
MeSH terms: Animals, Anthelmintics, Cattle, Drug Resistance, Feces, Female, Goats, Horses, Nematoda, Nematode Infections, New Zealand, Parasite Egg Count, Sheep, Sheep Diseases, Prevalence, Global Warming, Livestock

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An inconvenient truth: Global worming and anthelmintic resistance

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