Bloch’s law and the dynamics of feature fusion
Open accessAbstract
How the visual brain integrates temporally dispersed information is an open question. Often, it is assumed that the visual system simply sums light over a certain period of time (e.g. Bloch's law). However, in feature fusion, information presented later dominates, suggesting complex temporal dynamics that cannot be described by simple energy summation. For example, if two verniers are presented in rapid succession at the same location, they are not perceived individually but they fuse to one single vernier. The perceived offset of the fused vernier is a combination of the offsets of the two presented verniers, with the later one dominating. Here, we show that indeed, Bloch's law does not hold across verniers in a sequence. However, changes in the luminance of a single vernier can be compensated for by changes in its duration in accordance with Bloch's law. We present a simple model to demonstrate that these findings can be explained by decaying neural activation.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
When LED irradiance was reduced, there was an intensity-dependent decrease in the magnitude of the dLight1 peak and an increase in the response latency.
“When LED irradiance was reduced, we observed an intensity-dependent decrease in the magnitude of the dLight1 peak and an increase in the response latency (Figure 2E–F), consistent with Bloch’s law of temporal summation in mammalian photoreceptors (Scharnowski et al., 2007; Donner, 2021).”
From Ventral striatum dopamine release encodes unique properties of visual stimuli in mice (2023) · cites this paper as Scharnowski et al., 2007
Cites
Psychology and neurobiology of simple decisions
Smith, P. L., & Ratcliff, R. (2004) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2004.01.006 · Cited by 1,051 · see citing works
The Freiburg Visual Acuity Test???Automatic Measurement of Visual Acuity
Bach, M. (1996) · Optometry and Vision Science · doi:10.1097/00006324-199601000-00008 · Cited by 998 · see citing works
THE RESPONSE OF SINGLE OPTIC NERVE FIBERS OF THE VERTEBRATE EYE TO ILLUMINATION OF THE RETINA
Hartline, H. K. (1938) · American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content · doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1938.121.2.400 · Cited by 966 · see citing works
Temporal and spatial summation in human vision at different background intensities
Barlow, H. (1958) · Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1958.sp005978 · Cited by 709 · see citing works
Temporal integration in visual memory.
Lollo, V. D. (1980) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.109.1.75 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Some temporal characteristics of visual pattern perception.
Eriksen, C. W., & Collins, J. F. (1967) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0024765 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Central sources of visual masking: Indexing structures supporting seeing at a single, brief glance
Michaels, C. F., & Turvey, M. T. (1979) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/bf00309423 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Integration regions for visual hyperacuity
Westheimer, G., & McKee, S. P. (1977) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(77)90206-1 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Temporal luminance summation effects in backward and forward masking
Eriksen, C. W. (1966) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03210033 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Responses of cat retinal ganglion cells to brief flashes of light
Levick, W. R., & Zacks, J. L. (1970) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1970.sp009037 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Experimentelle Untersuchung der einfachsten psychischen Processe
Exner, S. (1875) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf01659311 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Efron, R. (1967) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1967.tb55017.x · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Relation of brightness to duration and luminance under light-and dark-adaptation
Aiba, T. S., & Stevens, S. S. (1964) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(64)90011-2 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Dynamic properties of vision—I. Experimental relationships between flicker and flash thresholds
Roufs, J. A. J. (1972) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(72)90117-4 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
The time-intensity relation in visual perception as a function of observer's task.
Kahneman, D. J., & Norman, J. (1964) · Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0046097 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Conservation of temporal information by perceptual systems
Efron, R. (1973) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03211193 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
The Role of Temporal Structure in Human Vision
Blake, R., & Lee, S. (2005) · Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews · doi:10.1177/1534582305276839 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Sensory and cognitive components of visual information acquisition.
Busey, T. A., & Loftus, G. R. (1994) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.101.3.446 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
The Effect of an After-coming Random Pattern on the Perception of Brief Visual Stimuli
Kinsbourne, M., & Warrington, E. K. (1962) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17470216208416540 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Visual Acuity as a Function of Intensity and Exposure-Time
Graham, C. H., & Cook, C. (1937) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1416390 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Integration and Interruption in the Masking of Form by Form
Bachmann, T., & Allïk, J. (1976) · Perception · doi:10.1068/p050079 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
ON- and OFF-pathways form separate neural substrates for motion perception: psychophysical evidence
Wehrhahn, C., & Rapf, D. (1992) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.12-06-02247.1992 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Temporal Discrimination by the Human Eye
Sweet, A. L. (1953) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1418725 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Loftus, G. R., & Ruthruff, E. (1994) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037//0096-1523.20.1.33 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Temporal Summation of Light by a Vertebrate Visual Receptor
Hood, D. C., & Grover, B. G. (1974) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.184.4140.1003 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Evidence for an Integration Theory of Visual Masking
Coltheart, M., & Arthur, B. (1972) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/14640747208400279 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Feature Fusion Reveals Slow and Fast Visual Memories
Scharnowski, F., Hermens, F., Kammer, T., Öğmen, H., & Herzog, M. H. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2007.19.4.632 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationBloch's law predictions from diffusion process models of detection
Smith, P. L. (1998) · Australian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1080/00049539808258790 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
A psychophysical study of the visual perception of “instantaneous” and “durable”
Serviere, J., Miceli, D., & Galifret, Y. (1977) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(77)90201-2 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Temporal integration in cat visual cortex: A test of bloch's law
Duysens, J., Gulyás, B. Z., & Maes, H. (1991) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90129-s · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Fusion of competing features is not serial
Herzog, M. H., Parish, L. M., Christof Koch, A., & Fahle, M. W. (2003) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00278-5 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationEquating the brightness of brief visual stimuli of unequal durations
Lollo, V. D., & Finley, G. P. (1986) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03201432 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Timing properties and temporal summation in the retina
Scheich, H., & Korn, A. (1971) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00634096 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The micropattern effect and visible persistence
Yund, E. W., Morgan, H. C., & Efron, R. (1983) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/bf03202947 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Spatial interactions determine temporal feature integration as revealed by unmasking
Herzog, M. H., Lesemann, E., & Eurich, C. W. (2006) · Advances in Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.2478/v10053-008-0046-8 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationScharnowski, F., Rüter, J., Hermens, F., Jolij, J., Kammer, T., & Herzog, M. H. (2010) · Journal of Vision · doi:10.1167/7.9.1016 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationLong lasting effects of unmasking in a feature fusion paradigm
Herzog, M. H., Scharnowski, F., & Hermens, F. (2006) · Psychological Research · doi:10.1007/s00426-006-0062-6 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationRüter, J., Scharnowski, F., Jolij, J., Hermens, F., Kammer, T., & Herzog, M. H. (2007) · Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citationSensation length and equal brightness
White, T. W., & Rinalducci, E. J. (1981) · Vision Research · doi:10.1016/0042-6989(81)90108-5 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Loftus, G. R., & Ruthruff, E. (1994) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.20.3.676 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ventral striatum dopamine release encodes unique properties of visual stimuli in mice
Gonzalez, L. S., Fisher, A. A., D'Souza, S. P., Cotella, E. M., Lang, R. A., & Robinson, J. E. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.85064 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
- Authors
- Scharnowski, F., Hermens, F., & Herzog, M. H.
- Affiliations
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Scharnowski, Frank
- Venue
- Vision Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-08
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 2444-2452
- ISSN
- 0042-6989 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1977788737
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Vision Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (acceptedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) (submittedVersion)
- Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich)
- Funders
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- Bloch's law, feature fusion, temporal integration
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Form Perception, Humans, Lighting, Male, Models, Neurological, Photic Stimulation, Psychophysics, Time Factors, Time Perception, Visual Cortex
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review