Cited by 1,193Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental ImpactsEffects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsToxic Organic Pollutants Impact

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 66 of the 66 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

EU-wide monitoring survey on emerging polar organic contaminants in wastewater treatment plant effluents

Loos, Robert, Carvalho, Raquel, António, Diana C., Comero, Sara, Locoro, Giovanni, Tavazzi, Simona, Paracchini, Bruno, Ghiani, Michela, Lettieri, Teresa, Blaha, Ludek, Jarosova, Barbora, Voorspoels, Stefan, Servaes, Kelly, Haglund, Peter, Fick, Jerker, Lindberg, Richard H., Schwesig, David, Gawlik, Bernd M.·2013·Water Research

DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.024

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Abstract

In the year 2010, effluents from 90 European wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were analyzed for 156 polar organic chemical contaminants. The analyses were complemented by effect-based monitoring approaches aiming at estrogenicity and dioxin-like toxicity analyzed by in vitro reporter gene bioassays, and yeast and diatom culture acute toxicity optical bioassays. Analyses of organic substances were performed by solid-phase extraction (SPE) or liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) or gas chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS). Target microcontaminants were pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), veterinary (antibiotic) drugs, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), organophosphate ester flame retardants, pesticides (and some metabolites), industrial chemicals such as benzotriazoles (corrosion inhibitors), iodinated x-ray contrast agents, and gadolinium magnetic resonance imaging agents; in addition biological endpoints were measured. The obtained results show the presence of 125 substances (80% of the target compounds) in European wastewater effluents, in concentrations ranging from low nanograms to milligrams per liter. These results allow for an estimation to be made of a European median level for the chemicals investigated in WWTP effluents. The most relevant compounds in the effluent waters with the highest median concentration levels were the artificial sweeteners acesulfame and sucralose, benzotriazoles (corrosion inhibitors), several organophosphate ester flame retardants and plasticizers (e.g. tris(2-chloroisopropyl)phosphate; TCPP), pharmaceutical compounds such as carbamazepine, tramadol, telmisartan, venlafaxine, irbesartan, fluconazole, oxazepam, fexofenadine, diclofenac, citalopram, codeine, bisoprolol, eprosartan, the antibiotics trimethoprim, ciprofloxacine, sulfamethoxazole, and clindamycine, the insect repellent N,N'-diethyltoluamide (DEET), the pesticides MCPA and mecoprop, perfluoroalkyl substances (such as PFOS and PFOA), caffeine, and gadolinium.

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Authors: Loos, R., Carvalho, R., António, D. C., Comero, S., Locoro, G., Tavazzi, S., Paracchini, B., Ghiani, M., Lettieri, T., Blaha, L., Jarosova, B., Voorspoels, S., Servaes, K., Haglund, P., Fick, J., Lindberg, R. H., Schwesig, D., & Gawlik, B. M.
Affiliations: European Commission (BE)
Flemish Institute for Technological Research (BE)
Umeå University (SE)
IWW Water Centre (DE)
Corresponding author: Loos, Robert
ORCID: Loos, Robert
Carvalho, Raquel
António, Diana C.
Lettieri, Teresa
Voorspoels, Stefan
Servaes, Kelly
Haglund, Peter
Fick, Jerker
Lindberg, Richard H.
Schwesig, David
Gawlik, Bernd M.
Venue: Water Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-11
Volume: 47
Issue: 17
Pages: 6475-6487
ISSN: 0043-1354 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.024
OpenAlex: W1965064785
Cited by: 1,193
References: 66
Citations by year: 2026: 65 · 2025: 68 · 2024: 88 · 2023: 83 · 2022: 112 · 2021: 104 · 2020: 136 · 2019: 102 · 2018: 119 · 2017: 106 · 2016: 90 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 2
FWCI: 54.85
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Water Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Joint Research Centre (European Commission) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
Keywords: polar organic contaminants, wastewater treatment plant effluent, emerging contaminants, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, veterinary therapeutics, perfluorinated compounds, pesticides, benzotriazole, iodinated contrast media, gadolinium, estrogenic activity, dioxin-like toxicity, acute toxicity
MeSH terms: Data Collection, Environmental Monitoring, European Union, Household Products, Organic Chemicals, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Diatoms, Water Purification, Toxicity Tests, Acute, Wastewater

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EU-wide monitoring survey on emerging polar organic contaminants in wastewater treatment plant effluents

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