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The influence of surfactant and solution composition on PFAS adsorption at fluid-fluid interfaces
Open accessAbstract
The objective of this research is to examine the influence of surfactant and solution composition on PFAS adsorption at fluid-fluid interfaces. Surface tensions were measured for select PFAS, as well as a representative hydrocarbon surfactant. These data are supplemented with data sets collected from the literature. The influence of surfactant headgroup charge, specifically for zwitterionic PFAS, was investigated. The impacts of surfactant counterion for ionic PFAS and the influence of headgroup size for nonionic PFAS were also investigated. In addition, the influence of solution ion composition, ionic strength, and pH was examined. The impact of co-solutes, specifically ethanol, humic acid, and trichloroethene, was also examined, as well as the behavior of PFAS mixtures and fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon surfactant mixtures. The data were interpreted within the framework of a QSPR model recently developed to predict fluid-fluid interfacial adsorption coefficients (K i) of PFAS. The results demonstrate that all of the factors investigated have some degree of impact on K i values. Thus, the composition of soil-pore water and groundwater is likely to affect the magnitude of PFAS adsorption at air-water and organic liquid-water interfaces. However, the influence on K i of most of the factors investigated is small for lower PFAS concentrations (less than ∼1-10 mg/L). Hence, their impacts on fluid-fluid interfacial adsorption are likely to be relatively minor at the low PFAS concentrations representative of many environmental systems, especially compared to the impact of other factors such as fluid saturations, porous-medium properties, and PFAS molecular structure. The results of this study indicate that the revised QSPR model provides reasonable first-order predictions of K i for a wide range of PFAS in environmental systems.
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“PFAS compounds exhibit amphiphilic properties, with both hydrophobic fluorocarbon chains and hydrophilic functional groups, which contribute to their remarkable ability to reduce the surface tension of water [80].”
From Industrial Applications, Environmental Fate, Human Exposure, and Health Effects of PFAS (2025) · cites this paper as [80]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Brusseau, M. L., & Van Glubt, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Arizona (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brusseau, Mark L.
- ORCID
- Brusseau, Mark L.
- Venue
- Water Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-09
- Volume
- 161
- Pages
- 17-26
- ISSN
- 0043-1354 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7039257
- OpenAlex
- W2947798350
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 33 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 5
- FWCI
- 7.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Water Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P42 ES04940)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Environmental Chemistry and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Physical and Theoretical Chemistry › Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
- Keywords
- PFAS, perfluorinated compounds, surface tension, ionic strength, pH, cosolutes, ethanol, humic acid, trichloroethylene, QSPR models, soil pore water, groundwater, air-water interface, surfactant mixtures
- MeSH terms
- Adsorption, Fluorocarbons, Surface Tension, Surface-Active Agents, Groundwater
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