A phenomenological exploration of parenting after birth trauma: Mothers perceptions of the first year

Abstract

Problem While perinatal mental health issues are considered to have an impact on a mother's parenting capacity, there is limited research exploring mothers' perceptions of their relationship with their child following traumatic birth experiences and how these might affect their parenting capacity. Background Birth trauma is a well-recognised phenomenon which may result in ongoing physical and perinatal mental health difficulties for women. This may impact on their attachment to their children, their parenting capabilities, and their self-identity as mothers. Aims To explore maternal self-perceptions of bonding with their infants and parenting experiences following birth trauma. Methods In-depth interviews with ten mothers were undertaken using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis methodology. Findings Women who experienced birth trauma often described disconnection to their infants and lacking confidence in their parental decision making. Many perceived themselves as being 'not good enough' mothers. For some women the trauma resulted in memory gaps of the immediate post-partum period which they found distressing, or physical recovery was so overwhelming that it impacted their capabilities to parent the way they had imagined they would. Some women developed health anxiety which resulted in an isolating experience of early parenthood. Conclusions Women who have suffered birth trauma may be at risk of increased fear and anxiety around their child's health and their parenting abilities. Some women may experience this as feeling a lower emotional attachment to their infant. Women who experience birth trauma should be offered support during early parenting. Mother-Infant relationships often improve after the first year.