Voriconazole ternary micellar systems for the treatment of ocular mycosis: statistical optimization and in vivo evaluation
Abstract
Voriconazole (VRC) is a broad spectrum, second generation triazole antifungal. The main use of VRC is via the oral and intravenous route. The study aimed to formulate VRC into ternary micellar systems (TMSs) for the topical treatment of ocular mycosis. TMSs were successfully prepared by water addition/solvent evaporation method, applying a 3-factor D-optimal design. The numerical optimization process suggested an optimal formula (OTMS) composed of total Pluronics to drug weight ratio of 22.89: 1, 1:1 weight ratio of Pluronic® P123 and F68, and 2% w/v of Labrasol. OTMS had high solubilization efficiency of 98.0%, small micellar size of 21.8 nm and suitable zeta potential and polydispersity index values of -9.0 mV and 0.261, respectively. OTMS exhibited acceptable stability for 3 months. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the spherical morphology of micelles. OTMS was expected to cause no ocular irritation or blurring in vision as reflected by pH and refractive index measurements. The histopathological study revealed the safety of OTMS for ocular use. The fungal susceptibility testing using Candida albicans demonstrated the superiority of OTMS to VRC suspension, with greater and more durable growth inhibition. Therefore, ocular application of optimized VRC-loaded TMSs can be a promising treatment for ocular mycosis.
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Fungal susceptibility testing using Candida albicans revealed OTMS outperformed VRC suspension in greater and more sustained growth inhibition.
“Fungal susceptibility testing using Candida albicans revealed that OTMS outperformed VRC suspension in terms of greater and more sustained growth inhibition [140].”
From From design to Deployment: The innovative role of nanomicelles in targeted ophthalmic therapeutics (2025) · cites this paper as [140]
OTMS demonstrated acceptable stability over 3 months.
“OTMS demonstrated acceptable stability over 3 months.”
From From design to Deployment: The innovative role of nanomicelles in targeted ophthalmic therapeutics (2025) · cites this paper as [140]
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Abd-Elmonem, E. M., Makky, A. M. A., Khalil, I. A. H., & Abd-Elsalam, W. H. (2025) · BioNanoScience · doi:10.1007/s12668-025-02032-z · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Hussein, M. E., Baky, M. H., El‐Akad, R. H., Hassan, M., Deshmukh, R. K., & Farag, M. A. (2025) · Food Frontiers · doi:10.1002/fft2.70055 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Sil, D., Kumar, M., Ghosh, R., Kumar, D., Kurmi, B. D., & Srivastava, S. (2025) · Experimental Eye Research · doi:10.1016/j.exer.2025.110707 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Preparation and evaluation of topical span 60-based oleogel of voriconazole
Fysal, H. M., & Kassab, H. J. (2025) · Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology amp Research · doi:10.4103/japtr.japtr_211_24 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Abd-Elal, R. M. A., El‐Aleam, R. H. A., & Elsherif, N. I. (2024) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation · doi:10.1007/s12247-024-09885-z · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Current Developmentsand Prospects for Nanotechnology-Based Ocular Drug Delivery System
Rathod, S., Kawade, P., Korde, L., Sufiyan, M., Anwer, Z., & Faizan, S. (2024) · International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology (IJISRT) · doi:10.38124/ijisrt/ijisrt24oct456 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Dalsaniya, G., Bhalani, D., Jasoliya, D., Shukla, A., Ray, D., Aswal, V. K., & Pillai, S. A. (2025) · ChemistrySelect · doi:10.1002/slct.202503320 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Polymeric micellar nanocarriers: topical treatment of inflammatory diseases
Kahraman, E., Durgun, M. E., Güngör, S., & Özsoy, Y. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-89868-3.00011-2
Role of Quality by Design (QbD) in Ophthalmic Products
Reddy, A., Rahman, S. N. R., Kamdi, I. R., & Gulbake, A. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-6306-4_8
- Authors
- Fahmy, A. M., Hassan, M., El-Setouhy, D. A., Tayel, S. A., & Al-mahallawi, A. M.
- Affiliations
- Cairo University (EG)
- Corresponding author
- Fahmy, Abdurrahman Muhammad
- Venue
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-05
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2130-2138
- ISSN
- 0022-3549 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3113110058
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 1.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Infections and Treatments
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Surfactants and Colloidal Systems
- Keywords
- voriconazole, ocular mycosis, Pluronic P123, poloxamer 188, Labrasol, topical ocular drug delivery, antifungal formulation, Candida albicans, micellar stability, formulation optimization
- MeSH terms
- Antifungal Agents, Drug Carriers, Humans, Micelles, Particle Size, Eye Infections, Fungal, Drug Delivery Systems, Voriconazole
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