Livistona palms in Australia: ancient relics or opportunistic immigrants?
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Eighteen of the 34 species of the fan palm genus Livistona (Arecaceae) are restricted to Australia and southern New Guinea, east of Wallace's Line, an ancient biogeographic boundary between the former supercontinents Laurasia and Gondwana. The remaining species extend from SE Asia to Africa, west of Wallace's Line. Competing hypotheses contend that Livistona is (a) ancient, its current distribution a relict of the supercontinents, or (b) a Miocene immigrant from the north into Australia as it drifted towards Asia. We have tested these hypotheses using Bayesian and penalized likelihood molecular dating based on 4Kb of nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences with multiple fossil calibration points. Ancestral areas and biomes were reconstructed using parsimony and maximum likelihood. We found strong support for the second hypothesis, that a single Livistona ancestor colonized Australia from the north about 10-17Ma. Spread and diversification of the genus within Australia was likely favoured by a transition from the aseasonal wet to monsoonal biome, to which it could have been preadapted by fire-tolerance.
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- Authors
- Crisp, M. D., Isagi, Y., Kato, Y., Cook, L. G., & Bowman, D. M. J. S.
- Affiliations
- Australian National University (AU)
- Kyoto University (JP)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- University of Tasmania (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Crisp, Michael D.
- Venue
- Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-02
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 512-523
- ISSN
- 1055-7903 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2135983898
- Cited by
- 72
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 11.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Locations
- Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian Research Council (DP0665253)
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (14405006)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Plant Ecology and Taxonomy Studies
- Keywords
- Livistona, fan palm, Arecaceae, Australian flora, biogeography, Wallace's Line, Gondwana, Miocene colonization, ancestral area reconstruction, fire tolerance, divergence time estimation
- MeSH terms
- Australia, Bayes Theorem, Cell Nucleus, Fossils, Geography, Haplotypes, Phylogeny, Likelihood Functions, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Ecosystem, DNA, Chloroplast, DNA, Plant, Evolution, Molecular, Arecaceae
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