Fire in the Earth System

Bowman, David M. J. S.; Balch, Jennifer K.; Artaxo, Paulo; Bond, William J.; Carlson, Jean M.; Cochrane, Mark A.; D’Antonio, Carla M.; DeFries, Ruth S.; Doyle, John C.; Harrison, Sandy P.; Johnston, Fay H.; Keeley, Jon E.; Krawchuk, Meg A.; Kull, Christian A.; Marston, J. Brad; Moritz, Max A.; Prentice, I. Colin; Roos, Christopher I.; Scott, Andrew C.; Swetnam, Thomas W.; van der Werf, Guido R.; Pyne, Stephen J.

doi:10.1126/science.1163886

Cited by 3,351Fire effects on ecosystemsPlant Water Relations and Carbon DynamicsFire dynamics and safety research

Fire in the Earth System

Bowman, David M. J. S., Balch, Jennifer K., Artaxo, Paulo, Bond, William J., Carlson, Jean M., Cochrane, Mark A., D’Antonio, Carla M., DeFries, Ruth S. +14 more·2009·Science

DOI 10.1126/science.1163886

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Abstract

Burn, Baby, Burn: Wildfires can have dramatic and devastating effects on landscapes and human structures and are important agents in environmental transformation. Their impacts on nonanthropocentric aspects of the environment, such as ecosystems, biodiversity, carbon reserves, and climate, are often overlooked. Bowman et al. (p. 481 ) review what is known and what is needed to develop a holistic understanding of the role of fire in the Earth system, particularly in view of the pervasive impact of fires and the likelihood that they will become increasingly difficult to control as climate changes.

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A positive feedback between climate change and biomass burning is plausible.
“A positive feedback between climate change and biomass burning is plausible given the direct impact of fire on biogeochemical cycles, particularly carbon fluxes (Bowman et al., 2009).”
From The human dimension of fire regimes on Earth (2011) · cites this paper as Bowman et al., 2009
With rapidly changing climates and large social and industrial changes, the assumption that long-term effects of fire on carbon fluxes are largely cancelled by vegetation regrowth may be increasingly wrong.
“However, with rapidly changing climates and large social and industrial changes, this assumption may be increasingly (and dangerously) wrong (Bowman et al., 2009).”
From The human dimension of fire regimes on Earth (2011) · cites this paper as Bowman et al., 2009
Humans alter fire regimes through three main pathways: changing ignition distribution and density, shifting burning seasonality, and altering available fuels.
“Humans primarily alter fire regimes in three ways: changing the distribution and density of ignitions, shifting the seasonality of burning, or altering available fuels (2, 3).”
From Human-started wildfires expand the fire niche across the United States (2017) · cites this paper as [3]
Advancements in natural resources global mapping and development of innovative methods and global databases now make it possible to better understand the intersection of wildfire activity and water resource availability at the global scale.
“However, several important advancements in natural resources global mapping [14] and the development of innovative methods and global databases now make it possible to better understand the intersection of wildfire activity [15,16] and water resource availability [17,18] at the scale of the planet.”
From A Global Index for Mapping the Exposure of Water Resources to Wildfire (2016) · cites this paper as [15]
Human impacts on fire are globally apparent.
“Human impacts (HIs) on fire are globally apparent (30, 36).”
From Defining pyromes and global syndromes of fire regimes (2013) · cites this paper as [30]

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Authors: Bowman, D. M. J. S., Balch, J. K., Artaxo, P., Bond, W. J., Carlson, J. M., Cochrane, M. A., D’Antonio, C. M., DeFries, R. S., Doyle, J. C., Harrison, S. P., Johnston, F. H., Keeley, J. E., Krawchuk, M. A., Kull, C. A., Marston, J. B., Moritz, M. A., Prentice, I. C., Roos, C. I., Scott, A. C., Swetnam, T. W., van der Werf, G. R., & Pyne, S. J.
Affiliations: University of Tasmania (AU)
Woodwell Climate Research Center (US)
Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
University of Cape Town (ZA)
University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
South Dakota State University (US)
Columbia University (US)
California Institute of Technology (US)
University of Bristol (GB)
United States Geological Survey (US)
University of California, Berkeley (US)
Monash University (AU)
Brown University, Department of Physics, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
The Ohio State University (US)
Royal Holloway University of London (GB)
University of Arizona (US)
VU University, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Department of Hydrology and Geo-environmental Sciences, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Arizona State University (US)
Corresponding author: Bowman, David M. J. S.
Balch, Jennifer K.
ORCID: Bowman, David M. J. S.
Balch, Jennifer K.
Artaxo, Paulo
Bond, William J.
Carlson, Jean M.
Cochrane, Mark A.
D’Antonio, Carla M.
DeFries, Ruth S.
Doyle, John C.
Harrison, Sandy P.
Johnston, Fay H.
Keeley, Jon E.
Krawchuk, Meg A.
Kull, Christian A.
Moritz, Max A.
Prentice, I. Colin
Roos, Christopher I.
Scott, Andrew C.
Swetnam, Thomas W.
Pyne, Stephen J.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 2009-04-24
Volume: 324
Issue: 5926
Pages: 481-484
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.1163886
OpenAlex: W2171210136
Cited by: 3,351
References: 13
Citations by year: 2026: 303 · 2025: 266 · 2024: 257 · 2023: 265 · 2022: 278 · 2021: 286 · 2020: 199 · 2019: 201 · 2018: 188 · 2017: 153 · 2016: 172 · 2015: 171 · 2014: 130 · 2013: 136 · 2012: 137
FWCI: 98.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion)
Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion)
VU Research Portal (submittedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Natural Environment Research Council (NE/E006183/1, quest010001, NE/E007600/1)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Fire effects on ecosystems
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality › Fire dynamics and safety research
Keywords: fire, Earth system, fire regimes, carbon cycle, climate, vegetation distribution, land plants, fire management, climate change, paleofire
MeSH terms: Animals, Carbon, Climate, Biological Evolution, Fires, Humans, Plants, Ecosystem, Earth, Planet

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