Comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of newly detected rodent adenoviruses sheds light on ancient host-switches
Open accessAbstract
Here we provide a comprehensive update on the diversity and genetic relatedness of adenoviruses occurring in rodents. Extensive PCR screenings revealed the presence of adenoviral DNA in samples originating from representatives of 17 rodent species from four different suborders of Rodentia. Distinct sequences of 28 different adenoviruses were obtained from the positive samples. Out of these, 20 were from hitherto unknown, putative novel adenoviruses, whereas 6 were variants of previously published murine adenoviruses. Additionally, two known viruses, guinea pig adenovirus 1 and squirrel adenovirus 1 were also detected. By PCR and primer walking, we determined the sequence of a considerable part of the genomic DNA of squirrel adenovirus 1, detected in red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) samples from Germany previously. We annotated the almost complete genome sequence of a novel mastadenovirus found by data mining in the bulk data of the Ord's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii) genome project. We revisited the sequence of the gene of E1B 19 K protein of mouse adenovirus 3. In contrast to the prototype strain, where a truncated version of this gene has been found, in our sample of mouse adenovirus 3, it seemed to be intact. Based on phylogeny reconstructions, all rodent adenoviruses clustered in the genus Mastadenovirus. Interestingly, however, there wasn't a common monophyletic clade encompassing every adenovirus of rodent origin. Instead, three major lineages were observed. Because two lineages contained viral sequences deduced from samples of three suborders, and one consisted almost exclusively of adenoviruses from the family Muridae, we hypothesize there has been a long-term coevolution with the rodent hosts, as a result of possible ancient host-switch events. Several putative viruses appeared in distinct branches further away from the three clades. Thus, the evolutionary past of the adenoviruses of rodents remains to be studied further.
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Phylogenetic analysis of the penton base demonstrated that the black rat adenovirus clustered with a long-tailed marmot adenovirus from China with strong support, forming a clade with an Ord's kangaroo rat adenovirus from the southwestern United States.
“A phylogenetic analysis of the penton base demonstrated that it clustered with a long-tailed marmot (Marmota caudata) adenovirus from China with strong support, which together formed a clade with an Ord’s kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii) adenovirus from the southwestern United States, which similarly has a short genome relative to other mammalian adenoviruses (mastadenoviruses) [48] (S2 Fig).”
From Zoological transmission of encephalomyocarditis virus in the United States: Virus evolution, host ecology, and capsid antigenicity derived from an outbreak (2026) · cites this paper as [48]
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“…( Marmota caudata ) adenovirus from China with strong support, which together formed a clade with an Ord’s kan-garoo rat ( Dipodomys ordii ) adenovirus from the southwestern United States, which similarly has a short genome relative to other mammalian adenoviruses (mastadenoviruses) [48] (S2 Fig).”
- Authors
- Vidovszky, M. Z., Kaján, G. L., Böszörményi, K. P., Podgorski, I. I., Doszpoly, A., Ballmann, M. Z., Mitró, G., Skoda, G., Turk, M., Groothuizen, M. K., Bidin, M., Hendrickx, R., Hemmi, S., Egyed, L., Benkő, M., & Harrach, B.
- Affiliations
- HUN-REN Veterinary Medical Research Institute (HU)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Vidovszky, Márton Z.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2025-03
- Volume
- 204
- Pages
- 108287
- ISSN
- 1055-7903 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4406447307
- Cited by
- 1
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1
- FWCI
- 0.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Research, Development and Innovation Office (K146808)
- Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal
- European Commission
- Magyar Tudományos Akadémia
- European Commission Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Virology and Viral Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
- Keywords
- Mastadenovirus, host switching, viral phylogeny, Muridae, Dipodomys ordii, Sciurus vulgaris, viral diversity
- MeSH terms
- Adenoviridae, Animals, DNA, Viral, Phylogeny, Rodentia, Sciuridae, Genome, Viral, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Mastadenovirus, Mice
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