Caffeinated sugar-sweetened beverages and common physical complaints in Icelandic children aged 10–12years
Abstract
Objective Consumption of caffeinated sugar-sweetened beverages (CSSBs) among children and adolescents has increased markedly in recent years but the consequence of their consumption is not well understood. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of CSSBs in children aged 10–12 years and examine the relationship between CSSBs and common physical complaints.Methods Data from the 2013 cross-sectional population school survey Youth in Iceland (N=11,267, response rate: 90.1%, girls 49.7%)was used to assess the prevalence of cola and energy drink consumption and associations to headaches, stomachaches, sleeping problems and low appetite.Results Around 19% of boys and 8% of girls reported consuming cola drinks on a daily basis and 7% of boys and 3% of girls reported consuming energy drinks. A general trend of a dose–response relationship was observed between CSSBs and physical complaints for both types of beverages. These relationships were generally stronger for energy drinks than cola drinks.Conclusion Our findings call into question the acceptability, availability, and marketing of CSSBs to 10–12 year-old children and adolescents. For validation purposes replications of these analyses are needed in other parts of the world, including studies using prospective longitudinal designs.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Other outcomes examined in these cross-sectional studies reported include irritation, stomach ache and low appetite.
“Other outcomes examined in these cross-sectional studies reported include irritation [92], stomach ache and low appetite [93].”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [93]
Others reported an association between energy drink intake and increased headaches.
“Some studies found evidence for an association between energy drink consumption and sleep-related issues such as sleep dissatisfaction, tiredness/fatigue and late bedtime [92, 93, 95], and others reported an association between energy drink intake and increased headaches [91–93].”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [93]
Some of the cross-sectional studies examined caffeine-related effects of cola drinks.
“Some of the cross-sectional studies examined caffeine-related effects of cola drinks [93, 96, 97].”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [93]
Another study examined both cola and energy drinks and found that higher consumption of both beverages was associated with headaches, stomach-aches, sleeping problems and low appetite.
“Another examined both cola and energy drinks and found that higher consumption of both beverages was associated with headaches, stomach-aches, sleeping problems and low appetite [93].”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [93]
Some studies found evidence for an association between energy drink consumption and sleep-related issues such as sleep dissatisfaction, tiredness/fatigue and late bedtime.
“Some studies found evidence for an association between energy drink consumption and sleep-related issues such as sleep dissatisfaction, tiredness/fatigue and late bedtime [92, 93, 95], and others reported an association between energy drink intake and increased headaches [91–93].”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [93]
A number of cross-sectional studies examined the effects of energy drink consumption among children and adolescents, with each study often reporting on multiple outcomes.
“A number of cross-sectional studies examined the effects of energy drink consumption among children and adolescents [90–97], with each study often reporting on multiple outcomes.”
From The negative impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on children’s health: an update of the literature (2018) · cites this paper as [93]
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 34 · Cited by 47
- Authors
- Kristjansson, A. L., Sigfusdottir, I. D., Mann, M. J., & James, J. E.
- Affiliations
- West Virginia University (US)
- Reykjavík University (IS)
- Venue
- Preventive Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-01
- Volume
- 58
- Pages
- 40-44
- ISSN
- 0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2005448312
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 2.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Keywords
- energy drinks, cola beverages, children, adolescents, physical complaints, headache, abdominal pain, sleep disorders, dose-response relationship, Icelandic children
- MeSH terms
- Beverages, Child, Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Female, Humans, Iceland, Male, Somatoform Disorders, Dietary Sucrose, Energy Drinks
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
