Cited by 70Global Cancer Incidence and ScreeningWomen's cancer prevention and managementDigital Radiography and Breast Imaging

Identifying key barriers to effective breast cancer control in rural settings

Open access
Sprague, Brian L., Ahern, Thomas P., Herschorn, Sally D., Sowden, Michelle, Weaver, Donald L., Wood, Marie E.·2021·Preventive Medicine

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality among women in the United States. Efforts to promote breast cancer control in rural settings face specific challenges. Access to breast cancer screening, diagnosis, and treatment services is impaired by shortages of primary care and specialist providers, and geographic distance from medical facilities. Women in rural areas have comparable breast cancer mortality rates compared to women in urban settings, but this is due in large part to lower incidence rates and masks a substantial rural/urban disparity in breast cancer survival among women diagnosed with breast cancer. Mammography screening utilization rates are slightly lower among rural women than their urban counterparts, with a corresponding increase in late stage breast cancer. Differences in breast cancer survival persist after controlling for stage at diagnosis, largely due to disparities in access to treatment. Travel distance to treatment centers is the most substantial barrier to improved breast cancer outcomes in rural areas. While numerous interventions have been demonstrated in controlled studies to be effective in promoting treatment access and adherence, widespread dissemination in public health and clinical practice remains lacking. Efforts to improve breast cancer control in rural areas should focus on implementation strategies for improving access to breast cancer treatments.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106741

Cites

83 of 83 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Lack of equitable access to diagnosis and treatment is prominent in diseases ranging from breast cancer, depression, to diabetic eye disease.

    “While there are multiple reasons for avoidable health inequities2, lack of equitable access to diagnosis and treatment are prominent in diseases ranging from breast cancer, depression, to diabetic eye disease3–8.”
  • Healthcare AI systems have the potential to foster access to healthcare for underserved populations, while improving care quality at both the individual patient and population levels, at reduced cost for patients, payors, and society.

    “Healthcare AI systems have the potential to foster access to healthcare for underserved populations, while improving care quality at both the level of the individual patient and the population, at reduced cost for patients, payors, and society2–8,10,12–16.”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Sprague, B. L., Ahern, T. P., Herschorn, S. D., Sowden, M., Weaver, D. L., & Wood, M. E.
Affiliations
University of Vermont (US)
Corresponding author
Sprague, Brian L.
Venue
Preventive Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2021-11
Volume
152
Issue
Pt 2
Pages
106741
ISSN
0091-7435 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3184088106
Cited by
70
References
83
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1
FWCI
2.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Preventive Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Cancer Institute
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Digital Radiography and Breast Imaging
Keywords
breast cancer, rural health, breast cancer control, health care access, mammography screening, urban-rural differences, breast cancer survival, late-stage breast cancer, health workforce shortage, implementation strategies
MeSH terms
Breast Neoplasms, Female, Health Services Accessibility, Humans, Mammography, Rural Population, United States, Urban Population, Early Detection of Cancer

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review