Measurement of endothelial function by brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation
Abstract
In response to physical and chemical stimuli, the endothelium regulates vascular tone through the release of vasodilators, such as nitric oxide, and vasoconstrictors, such as endothelin. Increased blood flow is an important stimulus for endothelium-mediated vasodilation (flow-mediated vasodilation). Brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation can be assessed using high-frequency ultrasound assessment of changes in brachial artery diameter after a 5-minute blood pressure cuff arterial occlusion. Endothelial dysfunction is demonstrated as reduced vasodilation, which is usually associated with the presence of coronary risk factors. Brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation correlates with coronary artery flow-mediated vasodilation. Both indexes have been shown to predict long-term cardiovascular events. Whereas the clinical applicability of brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation is unclear, it has become a frequently employed measure of endothelial function.
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A dysfunctional endothelium produces less vasodilators in response to the same amount of shear stress, resulting in less vasodilation.
“However, a dysfunctional endothelium produces less vasodilators in response to the same amount of shear stress, resulting in less vasodilation (35–37).”
From Oral inflammatory load predicts vascular function in a young adult population: a pilot study (2023) · cites this paper as [37]
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Oral inflammatory load predicts vascular function in a young adult population: a pilot study
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- Authors
- Vogel, R. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Corresponding author
- Vogel, Robert A
- ORCID
- Vogel, Robert A
- Venue
- The American Journal of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-07
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 31-34
- ISSN
- 0002-9149 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2000060946
- Cited by
- 133
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 4.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The American Journal of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- endothelial function, flow-mediated dilation, brachial artery, endothelial dysfunction, nitric oxide, endothelin, cuff occlusion, coronary artery disease, cardiovascular risk prediction, vascular tone
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brachial Artery, Coronary Artery Disease, Coronary Circulation, Endothelium, Vascular, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nitric Oxide, Risk Factors, Ultrasonography, Vasodilation, Cytokines, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1, Tunica Intima
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