The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Did colonization matter for growth?
Open accessOverview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Citations
Cites
A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth
Mankiw, N. G., Römer, D., & Weil, D. N. (1992) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/2118477 · Cited by 15,282
Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries
Barro, R. J. (1991) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/2937943 · Cited by 9,449
Mauro, P. (1995) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/2946696 · Cited by 8,820
The colonial origins of comparative development: An empirical investigation
Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2001) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.91.5.1369 · Cited by 8,517
Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries
Barro, R. J. (1989) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w3120 · Cited by 8,483
The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development: An Empirical Investigation: Reply
Acemoğlu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2012) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.102.6.3077 · Cited by 6,050
(1991) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 6,037
La Porta, R. (1999) · Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization · doi:10.1093/jleo/15.1.222 · Cited by 5,699
Africa's Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions
Easterly, W., & Levine, R. (1997) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.1162/003355300555466 · Cited by 5,649
The Penn World Table (Mark 5): An Expanded Set of International Comparisons, 1950-1988
Summers, R., & Heston, A. (1991) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/2937941 · Cited by 3,429
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 270
Social mobility and colonial legacy in five African countriesPreprint
Bossuroy, T., & Cogneau, D. (2008) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 20
The Economics of Language Policy
Gazzola, M., & Wickström, B. (2016) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 19
Revolutionizing transport: modern infrastructure, agriculture and development in Ghana
Jedwab, R., & Moradi, A. (2012) · London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) · Cited by 18
Net profit flow per country from 1980 to 2009: The long-term effects of foreign direct investment
Akkermans, D. H. M. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179244 · Cited by 18
The Fragile Definition of State Fragility
Bertocchi, G., & Guerzoni, A. (2010) · Rivista italiana degli economisti · doi:10.1427/34976 · Cited by 18
Self-citationExploring the evolution of living standards in Ghana, 1880- 2000: An anthropometric approachPreprint
Austin, G., Baten, J., & Moradi, A. (2007) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 18
Kwon, R. (2011) · The Sociological Quarterly · doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.2010.01194.x · Cited by 18
The colonial origins of deforestation: an institutional analysis
Marchand, S. (2015) · Environment and Development Economics · doi:10.1017/s1355770x1500025x · Cited by 17
Do institutions matter for tourism spending?
Nguyen, C. P. (2021) · Tourism Economics · doi:10.1177/13548166211045847 · Cited by 17
Convergence of real per capita GDP within COMESA countries: A panel unit root evidence
Charles, A., Darné, O., & Hoarau, J. (2011) · The Annals of Regional Science · doi:10.1007/s00168-010-0427-z · Cited by 17
ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AND CULTURE
Driscoll, D. A., Halcoussis, D., & Lowenberg, A. D. (2010) · Defence and Peace Economics · doi:10.1080/10242694.2010.500826 · Cited by 16
Uncertainty and gender inequality: A global investigation
Nguyen, C. P. (2022) · The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance · doi:10.1016/j.qref.2022.06.003 · Cited by 16
Essays on Deep Determinants of Comparative Economic Development
Ashraf, Q. H. (2009) · Brown Digital Repository · doi:10.7301/z0n87814 · Cited by 15
Pursuit of Profit in the Shadow of Decolonisation: Indonesia in the 1950s
Lindblad, J. T. (2015) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137463920_13 · Cited by 15
POLITICAL ECONOMY AND HISTORY: MAKING SENSE OF HEALTH FINANCING IN SUB‐SAHARAN AFRICA
Ichoku, H. E., Fonta, W. M., & Ataguba, J. E.-O. (2012) · Journal of International Development · doi:10.1002/jid.2842 · Cited by 15
What Determines Rule of Law? An Empirical Investigation of Rival Models
Hansson, G. (2009) · Kyklos · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6435.2009.00441.x · Cited by 15
Determinants and Economic Consequences of Colonization: A Global AnalysisPreprint
Ertan, A. S., Putterman, L. G., & Fiszbein, M. (2012) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.2129786 · Cited by 15
Nguyen, C. P., Nguyen, B. Q., & Su, T. D. (2023) · Journal of Industrial and Business Economics · doi:10.1007/s40812-023-00274-0 · Cited by 14
Modeling of a PEM Fuel Cell Stack using Partial Least Squares and Artificial Neural Networks
Han, I., & Shin, H. K. (2015) · Korean Chemical Engineering Research · doi:10.9713/kcer.2015.53.2.236 · Cited by 14
Human Rights, the Environment, and the GlobalSouth
Kotze, L. J. (2015) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781107295414.009 · Cited by 13
Macroeconomic consequences of state fragility in sub‐Saharan Africa
Chuku, C., & Onye, K. U. (2018) · Review of Development Economics · doi:10.1111/rode.12570 · Cited by 12
Human versus physical capital: issues of accumulation, interaction and endogeneity
Amir‐ud‐Din, R., Usman, M., Abbas, F., & Javed, S. A. (2017) · Economic Change and Restructuring · doi:10.1007/s10644-017-9225-2 · Cited by 11
LOS ORÍGENES COLONIALES DEL DESARROLLO COMPARATIVO: UNA INVESTIGACIÓN EMPÍRICA
Acemoğlu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2005) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 11
Characteristics and performance of Japanese Foreign Direct Investment in Africa
Chrysostome, E., & Lupton, N. C. (2011) · International Journal of Economic Policy in Emerging Economies · doi:10.1504/ijepee.2011.038873 · Cited by 11
The Legacy of Colonialism: A Model of Africa's Underdevelopment
Nunn, N. (2003) · Cited by 11
Aid Eff ectiveness: New Instrument, New Results?Preprint
Frot, E., & Berlin, M. (2009) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 11
Marginalisation in the Context of Globalisation: Why Is Africa so Poor?
Hagen, R. J. (2002) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 10
Mizuno, N. (2016) · Journal of Comparative Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jce.2016.03.002 · Cited by 10
The Reversal of Fortune Thesis Reconsidered
Bandyopadhyay, S., & Green, E. D. (2012) · The Journal of Development Studies · doi:10.1080/00220388.2011.648621 · Cited by 10
Diversification dans les ex-colonies : l’importance de l’histoire
Massil, J. K., Nvuh‐Njoya, Y., Kouotou, H. L., Mboutchouang, V. D. P., & Nsoe, J. B. (2021) · Revue économique · doi:10.3917/reco.pr2.0169 · Cited by 11
Histoire coloniale et commerce international
de Sousa, J., & Lochard, J. (2009) · Revue économique · doi:10.3917/reco.603.0635 · Cited by 10
Konadu‐Agyemang, K., & Shabaya, J. (2005) · GeoJournal · doi:10.1007/s10708-005-8181-y · Cited by 11
Colonial independence and economic backwardness in Latin America
de la Escosura, L. P. (2005) · Cited by 10
Njoh, A. J. (2016) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2016.10.080 · Cited by 9
Frankema, E. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815874-6.00035-6 · Cited by 9
TRUST, LANDSCAPE, AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Khalifa, S. (2016) · Journal of Economic Development · doi:10.35866/caujed.2016.41.1.002 · Cited by 9
Colonial Origins and Fertility: Can the Market Overcome History?Preprint
Canning, D., Mabeu, M. C., & Pongou, R. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4070963 · Cited by 8
DECOLONIZATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE CASE OF AFRICA
Sylwester, K. (2005) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 8
Does colonisation explain the low level of growth in African financial markets?
Thierry, M. A., Nkoa, B. E. O., & Zambo, C. C. A. (2022) · Economic Systems · doi:10.1016/j.ecosys.2022.101013 · Cited by 8
Donors’ Policy Consistency and Economic Growth
Gary, A., & Maurel, M. (2015) · Kyklos · doi:10.1111/kykl.12092 · Cited by 8
Long-term effects of institutional instability
Hartmann, S., & Spruk, R. (2020) · Empirical Economics · doi:10.1007/s00181-020-01934-z · Cited by 8
The Africana World: From Fragmentation to Unity and Renaissance
Muchie, M., & Osha, S. (2012) · Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) · Cited by 8
Island Status, Country Size and Institutional Quality in Former ColoniesPreprint
Fors, H. C. (2007) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 8
Reappraising the Legacy of Colonialism: A Response to Feyrer and Sacerdote
Bertram, G. (2007) · Island Studies Journal · doi:10.24043/isj.210 · Cited by 7
On the Institutional Legacy of Mercantilist and Imperialist ColonialismPreprint
Olsson, O. (2007) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 8
Huillery, É. (2006) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 7
Carroll, W. K., & Sapinski, J. P. (2017) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/tfu6y · Cited by 7
Oyèkọ́lá, Ọ. (2020) · Research in Economics · doi:10.1016/j.rie.2020.10.010 · Cited by 6
De la question coloniale chez les anciens et néo-institutionnalistes
Zouache, A. (2014) · Revue d économie politique · doi:10.3917/redp.241.0129 · Cited by 6
The influence of colonialism on Africa's welfare: An anthropometric study
Baten, J., & Maravall, L. (2021) · Journal of Comparative Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jce.2021.01.001 · Cited by 7
Do Colonialism and Slave Trade Still Affect Modern Economic Performance?
Zelekha, Y. (2016) · Applied Economics Quarterly · doi:10.3790/aeq.62.2.147 · Cited by 5
Chapter 3 Growth, Colonization, and Institutional Development: In and Out of Africa
Bertocchi, G. (2011) · Frontiers of economics and globalisation · doi:10.1108/s1574-8715(2011)0000011008 · Cited by 6
Self-citationFrankema, E., & van Waijenburg, M. (2013) · Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling · Cited by 6
Avom, D., Nkoa, B. E. O., Zambo, C. C. A., Kamwa, U. K. K., & Atanga, D. F. O. (2024) · Journal of Government and Economics · doi:10.1016/j.jge.2024.100099 · Cited by 5
Bhaduri, S., Francis, D. J., Dutt, D., Kumar, V., & Sheikh, F. A. (2015) · The Journal of World Intellectual Property · doi:10.1111/jwip.12034 · Cited by 5
Historical Legacy and Institutions Across Countries
Sylwester, K. (2008) · Journal of Applied Economics · doi:10.1080/15140326.2008.12040512 · Cited by 5
A UNIFIED THEORY OF CAPITALIST DEVELOPMENT
Figueroa, A. I. (2008) · Cited by 5
Does Energy Security Affect Institutional Quality? Empirical Evidence from Emerging Economies
Nguyen, C., Thanh, S. D., Dang, V. T. B., & Nguyen, B. (2021) · Contributions to economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-61342-6_14 · Cited by 4
Nguyen, C. P., Nguyen, D. N., & Wongchoti, J. (2023) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-023-26621-1 · Cited by 5
Ethnolinguistic diversity, quality of local public institutions, and firm-level innovation
Focacci, C. N., Kovač, M., & Spruk, R. (2023) · International Review of Law and Economics · doi:10.1016/j.irle.2023.106155 · Cited by 5
The biblical ethics of work: A model for African nations
Toryough, G. N. (2010) · Verbum et Ecclesia · doi:10.4102/ve.v31i1.363 · Cited by 5
Africa’s economic regionalism: is there any other obstacle?
Awad, A., & Yussof, I. (2017) · Journal of Economic Studies · doi:10.1108/jes-02-2016-0039 · Cited by 5
Economic systems in developing countries – A macro cluster approach
Ahlborn, M., & Schweickert, R. (2019) · Economic Systems · doi:10.1016/j.ecosys.2019.100692 · Cited by 5
Net Capital Flows and Productivity: Evidence from U.S. StatesPreprint
Kalemli‐Özcan, Ṣ., Ariell Reshef, Y., Sørensen, B. E., & Yosha, O. (2005) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.739750 · Cited by 5
Colonial Mapmaking, Ethnic Identity, and Traditional Authority in Africa
Houle, C., & Conroy-Krutz, J. (2025) · British Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1017/s0007123424000759 · Cited by 4
Arueyingho, O., O’Kane, A. A., Marshall, P., & Aprioku, J. S. (2025) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3710951 · Cited by 4
Honig, B., & Acquaah, M. (2016) · Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l Administration · doi:10.1002/cjas.1400 · Cited by 4
Education Premiums in Cambodia: Dummy Variables Revisited and Recent Data
Humphreys, J. (2015) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 4
Lemi, A., & Asefa, S. (2009) · Eastern Economic Journal · doi:10.1057/eej.2008.17 · Cited by 4
Africa and Social Capital: From Human Trade to Civil War *
Kitissou, K., & Yoon, B. J. (2014) · The Journal of Pan-African Studies · Cited by 4
Precolonial centralisation, foreign aid and modern state capacity in AfricaPreprint
Broich, T., Szirmai, A., & Thomsson, K. (2015) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 4
The long-term effects of early European settlement on local development: Evidence from Indonesia
Bestari, R. R., Kurniawan, Y. R., & Yudhistira, M. H. (2022) · World Development · doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.105977 · Cited by 5
Colonial status and income inequality in developing countries
Epo, B. N., Mvomo, F., Tabi, H. N., & Ondoa, H. A. (2024) · World Development Perspectives · doi:10.1016/j.wdp.2024.100634 · Cited by 3
French Colonial Trade Patterns and European Settlements
Kallab, T. E., & Terra, C. (2017) · Comparative Economic Studies · doi:10.1057/s41294-017-0040-6 · Cited by 3
Venezuela: Without Liberals, There Is No Liberalism
Faria, H. J., & Filardo, L. (2015) · Econ journal watch · Cited by 3
Impact of Colonization on Indian English Literature
Shukla, D. (2023) · Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities · doi:10.55544/ijrah.3.1.9 · Cited by 3
Perceptions of Contemporary Effects of Colonialism Among Educational Professionals in Ghana
Fletcher, K. A. (2019) · Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst) · doi:10.7275/68zj-cz25 · Cited by 3
Importance of history for economic development : lessons from natural experiment of history
Wysokińska, A. (2011) · Cadmus - EUI Research Repository (European University Institute) · Cited by 3
Debraj Ray, B., & Bell, C. (2018) · The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics · doi:10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_292 · Cited by 3
Essays on Social Distance, Institutions, and Economic Growth
Hansson, G. (2008) · Gothenburg University Publications Electronic Archive (Gothenburg University) · Cited by 3
Poverty, internationalization, and environmental injustice: A postcolonial theoretical perspective
Bruton, G. D., Showkat, S., & Zhan, T. (2025) · Journal of World Business · doi:10.1016/j.jwb.2025.101692 · Cited by 2
Legal traditions and the ratification of the Paris agreement
Fredriksson, P. G., Sharma, S., & Wollscheid, J. R. (2025) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2025.108719 · Cited by 2
« Etat, heritage colonial et strategie de developpement en Algerie »
Zouache, A. (2012) · les cahiers du cread · Cited by 2
Different Schools, Same Problems: Development Theory in the Twentieth Century
van der Merwe, J., & Dodd, N. M. (2019) · International political economy series · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-05096-2_2 · Cited by 2
Parliamentary experience and contemporary democracy in Africa: A Northian view
Massil, J. K., & Harnay, S. (2020) · Economic History of Developing Regions · doi:10.1080/20780389.2020.1830758 · Cited by 2
Herbst, M. (2021) · Central European Economic Journal · doi:10.2478/ceej-2021-0023 · Cited by 2
Land productivity and colonization
Fredriksson, P. G., & Gupta, S. K. (2022) · Economic Modelling · doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2022.105890 · Cited by 2
Influence of internet and mobile usage on the institutional quality: An environmental perspective
Nguyen, C. P., Schınckus, C., Nguyen, B. Q., & Tran, D. T. L. (2022) · Environmental and Sustainability Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.indic.2022.100216 · Cited by 2
Colonialism and Victimization Narratives in the Context of Africa's Development
Ayodele, J. O. (2019) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-1112-1.ch004 · Cited by 2
Parent, O., & Zouache, A. (2009) · HAL · Cited by 2
Amavilah, V. H. (2007) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.992621 · Cited by 2
Agricultural Suitability and Colonization ChoicesPreprint
Ang, J. B., Fredriksson, P. G., & Gupta, S. K. (2018) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3187388 · Cited by 2
Economic Determinants Of Development In World Economy I: 1920-2005. An Analysis of 165 Countries
Bildirici, M. E., & Sunal, S. (2006) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 2
Africa and the Development Narratives: Occurrences, History and Theories
Agugua, A. O. (2017) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-66242-8_3 · Cited by 1
Colonization and different types of institutional change: findings from an ex-British colony
Epaminonda, E. (2023) · Management & Organizational History · doi:10.1080/17449359.2023.2279766 · Cited by 1
Designing Okuma: A Digital Health Tool for Type 2 Diabetes in Nigeria
Arueyingho, O., O’Kane, A. A., Marshall, P., Aprioku, J. S., Nkwo, M. S., & Shivam, R. (2025) · African Human Computer Interaction Conference (AfriCHI) · doi:10.1145/3757232.3757233 · Cited by 2
Bobbo, A., & Nsoga, M. H. I. N. (2026) · International Economics and Economic Policy · doi:10.1007/s10368-026-00713-y · Cited by 1
Endowments, Culture and Economic Development
Khalifa, S. (2016) · Review of Development Economics · doi:10.1111/rode.12279 · Cited by 1
Views Linking Colonialism with Institutions
Oto‐Peralías, D., & Romero‐Ávila, D. (2017) · Contributions to economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-54127-3_2 · Cited by 1
Colonial Legacy and Economic Efficiency across Africa: A Metafrontier Approach
Goundan, A. (2018) · African Development Review · doi:10.1111/1467-8268.12324 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Bertocchi, G., & Canova, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (IT)
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Bertocchi, Graziella
- Venue
- European Economic Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-12
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1851-1871
- ISSN
- 0014-2921 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2087030651
- Cited by
- 272
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 20.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- Locations
- European Economic Review (publishedVersion)
- IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Development › Culture, Economy, and Development Studies
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic Growth and Productivity
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Historical Economic and Social Studies
- Keywords
- European colonization, economic growth, colonial legacy, decolonization, economic penetration, growth heterogeneity, sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, 20th century
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review