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Cited by 96ATP Synthase and ATPases ResearchIon Transport and Channel RegulationCellular transport and secretion

Proton: substrate stoichiometries during active transport of biogenic amines in chromaffin ghosts

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Johnson, R.G., Carty, S.E., Scarpa, A.·1981·Journal of Biological Chemistry
DOI 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)69274-4
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Abstract

The relationship between the electrochemical proton gradient (delta mu-H+) and the electrochemical gradient for biogenic amines (delta mu-A) was investigated in isolated chromaffin ghosts free of endogenous components and gradients. The addition of ATP to a ghost suspension resulted in the generation of a large proton concentration gradient (delta pH), acidic inside (measured by [14C]-methylamine distribution), and a large proton electrical gradient (delta psi), positive inside (measured by [14C]-thiocyanate distribution). In the presence of this large electrochemical proton gradient, the accumulation of [14C]5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) and other biogenic amines rapidly reached an apparent steady state level. Collapse of the proton gradients after steady state levels were achieved resulted in the efflux of the accumulated amines. Uptake in the presence of a delta psi alone produced an amine gradient equal to the magnitude of the delta psi, while in the presence of a delta pH alone biogenic amine distribution was equal to twice the magnitude of the delta pH. Using additions of ammonia or thiocyanate, it was possible to vary the magnitude of the electrochemical proton gradient over a wide range of values; the driving force for amine accumulation under these conditions was found to be equal to delta psi--2Z delta pH (where Z = 2.3 RT/F). The results, which provide unequivocal evidence for the primary role of the electrochemical proton gradient in the active transport of biogenic amines, are consistent with a model based on the chemiosmotic hypothesis, of an obligatory coupling of amine influx and proton efflux, mediated via a putative reserpine-sensitive translocator. Measurement of the stoichiometry of this coupling of H+ and amines permits conclusions concerning the molecular mechanism of amino accumulation.

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  • vMAT1/2 and VAChT transport positively charged neurotransmitters in exchange for two protons and depend more on the pH gradient than on membrane potential.

    “Vesicular transporters for monoamines (vMAT1/2) and Ach (VAChT) transport positively charged neurotransmitters in exchange for 2H+ and are more dependent on DpH than DJ.18,19”

    From Synaptic and circuit functions of multitransmitter neurons in the mammalian brain (2023) · cites this paper as [18]

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Authors
Johnson, R. G., Carty, S. E., & Scarpa, A.
Affiliations
University of Pennsylvania (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Biological Chemistry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1981-06
Volume
256
Issue
11
Pages
5773-5780
ISSN
0021-9258 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0021-9258(19)69274-4
OpenAlex
W157671821
Cited by
96
References
53
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
FWCI
4.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Biological Chemistry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › ATP Synthase and ATPases Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
Keywords
chromaffin cells, biogenic amines, serotonin, proton gradient, electrochemical gradient, active transport, substrate stoichiometry, ATP, chemiosmotic theory, amine accumulation
MeSH terms
Ammonia, Ammonium Sulfate, Animals, Biological Transport, Active, Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone, Chromaffin Granules, Chromaffin System, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Intracellular Membranes, Kinetics, Mathematics, Serotonin, Thermodynamics, Thiocyanates

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