Gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry analysis of human skin constituents as heptafluorobutyrate derivatives with special reference to long-chain bases
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The composition of the constituents (monosaccharides, long-chain bases, and fatty acids) found in an ethanol extract of the human skin could be determined, without time-consuming steps of purification, after acid-catalyzed anhydrous methanolysis, followed by the formation of volatile derivatives with heptafluorobutyric anhydride and gas-chromatography/mass-spectrometry analysis. Despite the extreme heterogeneity of such extracts, the electron impact analysis of the constituents allowed qualitative and quantitative determinations of monosaccharides, long-chain bases, fatty acids, and alkyl-glycerols. Throughout the different long-chain bases, sphingenines (Sphes), sphinganines, phytosphingosines, and 6-hydroxy-Sphes (6oh-Sphes) can be identified and quantified. Long-chain bases with a chain-length up to 28 carbon atoms can be identified through specific fragmentation patterns in the electron impact mode. Particular attention was drawn to the behavior of compounds of the family of 6oh-Sphes upon acid-catalyzed methanolysis.
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LCBs with different chain lengths (C14-C26) reportedly exist in the epidermis.
“Although we focused on and quantified ceramide species containing LCBs with a C18 chain length, LCBs with different chain lengths (C14-C26) reportedly exist in the epidermis (57).”
From Comparative profiling and comprehensive quantification of stratum corneum ceramides in humans and mice by LC/MS/MS (2020) · cites this paper as [57]
Table 2 (shown under “Conclusion and Perspectives”; page unavailable) identifies LCBs with multiple chain lengths, including C16 through C26, in a human skin extract. It does not identify a C14 LCB, and the analysis is of skin extracts rather than the epidermis specifically. The claimed C14–C26 range in the epidermis is therefore only partly supported. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Pons, A., Timmerman, P., Leroy, Y., & Zanetta, J.-P.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Zanetta, Jean-Pierre
- Venue
- Journal of Lipid Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-05
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 794-804
- ISSN
- 0022-2275 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1921083052
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Lipid Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Keywords
- human skin, long-chain bases, sphingolipids, methanolysis, monosaccharides, fatty acids, phytosphingosine, sphinganine, sphingenine, electron impact fragmentation, skin lipid composition
- MeSH terms
- Acylation, Fluorocarbons, Humans, Indicators and Reagents, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Molecular Structure
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