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Cited by 152Hemodynamic Monitoring and TherapyCongenital Heart Disease StudiesCardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Early markers of major adverse events in children after cardiac operations

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Duke, Trevor, Butt, Warwick, South, Mike, Karl, Tom R.·1997·The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
DOI 10.1016/s0022-5223(97)70018-7
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Abstract

Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the physiologic variables that predict major adverse events in children in the intensive care unit after cardiac operations.Methods A cohort observational study was conducted. At the time of admission to the intensive care unit and 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours later the following variables were recorded: mean arterial pressure, heart rate, cardiac index, oxygen delivery, mixed venous oxygen saturation, base deficit, blood lactate, gastric intramucosal pH, carbon dioxide difference (the difference between arterial carbon dioxide tension and gastric intraluminal carbon dioxide tension), and toe-core temperature gradient. Major adverse events were prospectively identified as cardiac arrest, need for emergency chest opening, development of multiple organ failure, and death.Results Ninety children were included in the study; 12 had major adverse events and there were 4 deaths. Blood lactate level, mean arterial pressure, and duration of cardiopulmonary bypass were the only significant, independent predictors of major adverse events when measured at the time of admission to the intensive care unit. The odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) for major adverse events if a lactate level was greater than 4.5 mmol/L was 5.1 (1.2 to 21.1), for admission hypotension 2.3 (0.5 to 9.8), and for a cardiopulmonary bypass time greater than 150 minutes 13.7 (3.3 to 57.2). Four hours after admission lactate and carbon dioxide difference, and 8 hours after admission lactate and base deficit, were independently significant predictors. The odds ratios for major adverse events if the blood lactate level was greater than 4 mmol/L at 4 and 8 hours were 8.3 (1.8 to 38.4) and 9.3 (1.9 to 44.3), respectively. At no time in the first 24 hours were cardiac output, oxygen delivery, mixed venous oxygen saturation, toe-core temperature gradient, or heart rate significant predictors of major adverse events.Conclusions In the context of our current treatment strategies, the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and blood lactate level, measured in the early postoperative period, were the best predictors of impending major adverse events.

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  1. Fiddian-Green, 1987, Hypotension, splanchnic hypoxia and arterial acidosis in ICU patients, Circ Shock, 21, 326

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Metadata

Authors
Duke, T., Butt, W., South, M., & Karl, T. R.
Affiliations
Royal Children's Hospital (AU)
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1997-12
Volume
114
Issue
6
Pages
1042-1052
ISSN
0022-5223 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0022-5223(97)70018-7
OpenAlex
W1976190220
Cited by
152
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 8
FWCI
6.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Congenital Heart Disease Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques
Keywords
pediatric cardiac surgery, early warning indicators, blood lactate, cardiopulmonary bypass time, hypotension, cardiac arrest, multiple organ failure, intensive care unit, cardiac output, base deficit, gastric intramucosal pH, mixed venous oxygen saturation
MeSH terms
Blood Pressure, Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Heart Arrest, Cardiac Surgical Procedures, Humans, Infant, Multiple Organ Failure, Postoperative Complications, Predictive Value of Tests, Reoperation, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric, Cohort Studies, Sepsis, Lactic Acid

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