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Cloning and expression of a high affinity taurine transporter from rat brain.
Abstract
A cDNA clone (designated rB16a) encoding a taurine transporter has been isolated from rat brain, and its functional properties have been examined in mammalian cells. The nucleotide sequence of the clone predicts a 621-amino acid protein with significant homology to other neurotransmitter transporters. Hydropathy analysis reveals stretches of hydrophobic amino acids indicative of 12 transmembrane domains, similar to those proposed for other cloned neurotransmitter transporters. The transporter displays high affinity for taurine (Km approximately 40 microM) and is dependent on external sodium and chloride for transport activity. Specific transport is sensitive to inhibition by beta-alanine and gamma-aminobutyric acid, similar to taurine transporters in vivo. Localization studies demonstrate that the transporter mRNA is located in both the brain and peripheral tissues. The structural similarity of the taurine transporter to neurotransmitter transporters is consistent with a neuromodulatory role for taurine in the nervous system.
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Citations
Cited by
Amino Acid Transport Across Mammalian Intestinal and Renal Epithelia
Bröer, S. (2008) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00018.2006 · Cited by 958
From synapse to vesicle: The reuptake and storage of biogenic amine neurotransmitters
Rudnick, G., & Clark, J. (1993) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics · doi:10.1016/0005-2728(93)90109-s · Cited by 469
Taurine: new implications for an old amino acid
Schuller-Levis, G. B., & Park, E. (2003) · FEMS Microbiology Letters · doi:10.1016/s0378-1097(03)00611-6 · Cited by 425
The solute carrier 6 family of transporters
Bröer, S., & Gether, U. (2012) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01975.x · Cited by 269
Anderson, C. M. H., Howard, A., Walters, J. R. F., Ganapathy, V., & Thwaites, D. T. (2009) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2008.164228 · Cited by 141
Metadata
- Authors
- Smith, K. E., Borden, L. A., Wang, C. H., Hartig, P. R., Branchek, T. A., & Weinshank, R. L.
- Venue
- Molecular Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1992-10
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 563-569
- ISSN
- 0026-895X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2395980633
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 4.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Smith, K. E., Borden, L. A., Wang, C. H., Hartig, P. R., Branchek, T. A., & Weinshank, R. L. (1992). Cloning and expression of a high affinity taurine transporter from rat brain. Molecular Pharmacology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0026-895x(25)08972-2
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