Cited by 395Visual perception and processing mechanismsFace Recognition and PerceptionMotor Control and Adaptation

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Mechanisms of perceptual learning

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Dosher, Barbara Anne, Lu, Zhong-Lin·1999·Vision Research

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Abstract

Systematic measurements of perceptual learning were performed in the presence of external or stimulus noise. In the new external noise method (Dosher, B, & Lu, Z.-L. (1997). Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 38, S687; Lu, Z.-L., & Dosher, B. (1998). Vision Research, 38, 1183-1198), increasing amounts of external noise (white Gaussian random noise) is added to the visual stimulus in order to identify mechanisms of perceptual learning. Performance improved (threshold contrast was reduced) over days of practice on a peripheral orientation discrimination task--labelling Gabor patches as tilted slightly to the right or left. Practice improvements were largely specific to the trained quadrant of the display. Performance improved at all levels of external noise. The external noise method and perceptual template model (PTM) of the observer identifies the mechanism(s) of performance improvements as due to stimulus enhancement, external noise exclusion, or internal noise suppression. The external noise method was further extended by measuring thresholds at two threshold performance levels, allowing identification of mixtures in the PTM model. Perceptual learning over 8-10 days improved the filtering or exclusion of external noise by a factor of two or more, and improved suppression of additive internal noise--equivalent to stimulus enhancement--by 50% or more. Coupled improvements in external noise exclusion and stimulus enhancement in the PTM model may reflect channel weighting. Perceptual learning may not reflect neural plasticity at the level of basic visual channels, nor cognitive adjustments of strategy, but rather plasticity at an intermediate level of weighting inputs to decision.

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Authors: Dosher, B. A., & Lu, Z.-L.
Affiliations: University of California, Irvine (US)
University of Southern California (US)
Corresponding author: Dosher, Barbara Anne
ORCID: Lu, Zhong-Lin
Venue: Vision Research
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1999-10
Volume: 39
Issue: 19
Pages: 3197-3221
ISSN: 0042-6989 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0042-6989(99)00059-0
OpenAlex: W2113860392
Cited by: 394
References: 82
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 4.80
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 5039 d)
Locations: Vision Research (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Air Force
Air Force Office of Scientific Research
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Face Recognition and Perception
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
Keywords: perceptual learning, orientation discrimination, Gabor patches, peripheral vision, perceptual template model, stimulus enhancement, channel weighting, contrast threshold, neuroplasticity
MeSH terms: Discrimination, Psychological, Humans, Learning, Models, Psychological, Perception, Psychophysics, Signal Detection, Psychological

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