Sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Abstract
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is usually unilateral and can be associated with tinnitus and vertigo. In most cases the cause is not identified, although various infective, vascular, and immune causes have been proposed. A careful examination is needed to exclude life threatening or treatable causes such as vascular events and malignant diseases, and patients should be referred urgently for further assessment. About half of patients completely recover, usually in about 2 weeks. Many treatments are used, including corticosteroids, antiviral drugs, and vasoactive and oxygen-based treatments. Although no treatment is proven, we recommend a short course of oral high-dose corticosteroids. There is much to learn about pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and more clinical trials are needed to establish evidence-based management.
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Viral infections have long been considered a key factor in SSNHL.
“Among the hypothesized causes, viral infections have long been considered a key factor.”
From Acute Respiratory Tract Infection and Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Multinational Cohort Study (2025) · cites this paper as [5]
Herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, and influenza viruses are suspected of direct cochlear invasion or immune-mediated cochlear damage.
“Herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, and influenza viruses are among the agents suspected of direct cochlear invasion or immune-mediated cochlear damage [5].”
From Acute Respiratory Tract Infection and Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Multinational Cohort Study (2025) · cites this paper as [5]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Crane, R. A., Camilon, M., Nguyen, S., & Meyer, T. A. (2015) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1002/lary.24834 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Weng, C.-H., Lin, J.-F., & Wang, J.-J. (2025) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics15121462 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, and influenza viruses are among the agents suspected of direct cochlear invasion or immune-mediated cochlear damage [5].”
- Authors
- Schreiber, B. E., Agrup, C., Haskard, D. O., & Luxon, L. M.
- Affiliations
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Hammersmith Hospital (GB)
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Luxon, Linda M
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-04
- Volume
- 375
- Issue
- 9721
- Pages
- 1203-1211
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2171428938
- Cited by
- 554
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 37 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 50 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 1.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- British Heart Foundation
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Acute Ischemic Stroke Management
- Keywords
- sudden sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo, differential diagnosis, vascular causes, cancer, corticosteroids, antiviral therapy, vasoactive drugs, oxygen therapy, hearing recovery, pathogenesis, treatment
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Glucocorticoids, Hearing Loss, Sensorineural, Humans, Prognosis
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