Alemtuzumab-based induction treatment versus basiliximab-based induction treatment in kidney transplantation (the 3C Study): a randomised trial

†

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61095-3

Cited by 151Renal Transplantation Outcomes and TreatmentsTransplantation: Methods and OutcomesOrgan and Tissue Transplantation Research

Alemtuzumab-based induction treatment versus basiliximab-based induction treatment in kidney transplantation (the 3C Study): a randomised trial

†·2014·The Lancet

DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61095-3

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) reduce short-term kidney transplant failure, but might contribute to transplant failure in the long-term. The role of alemtuzumab (a potent lymphocyte-depleting antibody) as an induction treatment followed by an early reduction in CNI and mycophenolate exposure and steroid avoidance, after kidney transplantation is uncertain. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab-based induction treatment compared with basiliximab-based induction treatment in patients receiving kidney transplants.Methods For this randomised trial, we enrolled patients aged 18 years and older who were scheduled to receive a kidney transplant in the next 24 h from 18 transplant centres in the UK. Using minimised randomisation, we randomly assigned patients (1:1; minimised for age, sex, and immunological risk) to either alemtuzumab-based induction treatment (ie, alemtuzumab followed by low-dose tacrolimus and mycophenolate without steroids) or basiliximab-based induction treatment (basiliximab followed by standard-dose tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and prednisolone). Participants were reviewed at discharge from hospital and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after transplantation. The primary outcome was biopsy-proven acute rejection at 6 months, analysed by intention to treat. The study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01120028, and isrctn.org, number ISRCTN88894088.Findings Between Oct 4, 2010, and Jan 21, 2013, we randomly assigned 852 participants to treatment: 426 to alemtuzumab-based treatment and 426 to basiliximab-based treatment. Overall, individuals allocated to alemtuzumab-based treatment had a 58% proportional reduction in biopsy-proven acute rejection compared with those allocated to basiliximab-based treatment (31 [7%] patients in the alemtuzumab group vs 68 [16%] patients in the basiliximab group; hazard ratio (HR) 0·42, 95% CI 0·28-0·64; log-rank p<0·0001). We detected no between-group difference in treatment effect on transplant failure during the first 6 months (16 [4%] patients vs 13 [3%] patients; HR 1·23, 0·59-2·55; p=0·58) or serious infection (135 [32%] patients vs 136 [32%] patients; HR 1·02, 0·80-1·29; p=0·88). During the first 6 months after transplantation, 11 (3%) patients given alemtuzumab-based treatment and six (1%) patients given basiliximab-based treatment died (HR 1·79, 95% CI 0·66-4·83; p=0·25).Interpretation Compared with standard basiliximab-based treatment, alemtuzumab-based induction therapy followed by reduced CNI and mycophenolate exposure and steroid avoidance reduced the risk of biopsy-proven acute rejection in a broad range of patients receiving a kidney transplant. Long-term follow-up of this trial will assess whether these effects translate into differences in long-term transplant function and survival.Funding UK National Health Service Blood and Transplant Research and Development Programme, Pfizer, and Novartis UK.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61095-3

Cites

24 of 24 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

TA has been described only rarely when alemtuzumab is administered for rheumatoid arthritis, blood cancers, or transplantation, suggesting a disease-specific and/or genetic background effect.
“Interestingly, TA has been described only rarely when alemtuzumab is administered for rheumatoid arthritis [32], blood cancers [33], or transplantation [34], suggesting a disease specific and/or genetic background effect.”
From 2019 European Thyroid Association Guidelines on the Management of Thyroid Dysfunction following Immune Reconstitution Therapy (2019) · cites this paper as [34]

Regression Models and Life-Tables
Cox, D. R. (1972) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B: Statistical Methodology · doi:10.1111/j.2517-6161.1972.tb00899.x · Cited by 39,793 · see citing works
Regression Models and Life-Tables
Cox, D. R. (1992) · Springer Series in Statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-4380-9_37 · Cited by 26,297 · see citing works
Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. II. Analysis and examples
Peto, R., Pike, M. C., Armitage, P., Breslow, N. E., Cox, D. R., Howard, S. V., Mantel, N., McPherson, K., Peto, J., & Smith, P. G. (1977) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1977.1 · Cited by 8,285 · see citing works
Untitled work
Schulz (1995) · doi:10.1001/jama.1995.03520290060030 · Cited by 5,634 · see citing works
Comparison of Mortality in All Patients on Dialysis, Patients on Dialysis Awaiting Transplantation, and Recipients of a First Cadaveric Transplant
Wolfe, R. A., Ashby, V. B., Milford, E. L., OJO, A. O., Ettenger, R. E., Agodoa, L. Y. C., Held, P. J., & Port, F. K. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199912023412303 · Cited by 5,370 · see citing works
Sequential treatment assignment with balancing for prognostic factors in the controlled clinical trial
Pocock, S. J., & Simon, R. (1975) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2529712 · Cited by 2,350 · see citing works
Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. I. Introduction and design
Peto, R., Pike, M. C., Armitage, P., Breslow, N. E., Cox, D. R., Howard, S. V., Mantel, N., McPherson, K., Peto, J., & Smith, P. G. (1976) · British Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1038/bjc.1976.220 · Cited by 2,294 · see citing works
The Natural History of Chronic Allograft Nephropathy
Nankivell, B. J., Borrows, R., Fung, C. L.-S., O’Connell, P. J., Allen, R. D. M., & Chapman, J. R. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa020009 · Cited by 1,942 · see citing works
KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the care of kidney transplant recipients: a summary
Kasiske, B. L., Zeier, M. G., Chapman, J. R., Craig, J. C., Ekberg, H., Garvey, C. A., Green, M. D., Jha, V., Josephson, M. A., KIBERD, B. A., et al. (2009) · Kidney International · doi:10.1038/ki.2009.377 · Cited by 1,734 · see citing works
Banff 2013 Meeting Report: Inclusion of C4d-Negative Antibody-Mediated Rejection and Antibody-Associated Arterial Lesions
Haas, M., Sis, B., Racusen, L. C., Solez, K., Glotz, D., Colvin, R. B., de Castro, M. C. R., David, D. S. R., David‐Neto, E., Bagnasco, S. M., et al. (2014) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.12590 · Cited by 1,349 · see citing works
The KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for the Care of Kidney Transplant Recipients
Josephson, M. A. (2013) · Cited by 899 · see citing works
Long-Term Renal Allograft Survival: Have we Made Significant Progress or is it Time to Rethink our Analytic and Therapeutic Strategies?
Meier‐Kriesche, H., Schold, J. D., & Kaplan, B. E. (2004) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2004.00515.x · Cited by 602 · see citing works
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Utility-Based Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease Treatments
Wyld, M. L. R., Morton, R. L., Hayen, A. D., Howard, K., & Webster, A. C. (2012) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001307 · Cited by 511 · see citing works
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Cyclosporine in Cadaveric Renal Transplantation
The Canadian Multicentre Transplant Study Group (1983) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198310063091401 · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab Induction in Renal Transplantation
Hanaway, M. J., Woodle, E. S., Mulgaonkar, S. P., Peddi, V. R., Kaufman, D. B., First, M. R., Croy, R., & Holman, J. (2011) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1009546 · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Removal of T cells from bone marrow for transplantation: a monoclonal antilymphocyte antibody that fixes human complement
Hale, G., Bright, S., Chumbley, G., Hoang, T., Metcalf, D., Munro, A., & Waldmann, H. (1983) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v62.4.873.873 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Influence of Time of Rejection on Long-Term Graft Survival in Renal Transplantation
Opelz, G., & Döhler, B. (2008) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0b013e3181661695 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab Induction Therapy in Kidney Transplantation
Morgan, R. D., O'Callaghan, J. M., Knight, S. R., & Morris, P. J. (2012) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0b013e318257ad41 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
A New UK 2006 National Kidney Allocation Scheme for Deceased Heart-Beating Donor Kidneys
Johnson, R., Fuggle, S. V., Mumford, L. L., Bradley, J. A., Forsythe, J. L. R., & Rudge, C. J. (2010) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0b013e3181c9029d · Cited by 95 · see citing works
In Kidney Transplant Patients, Alemtuzumab but Not Basiliximab/Low-Dose Rabbit Anti-Thymocyte Globulin Induces B Cell Depletion and Regeneration, Which Associates with a High Incidence of De Novo Donor-Specific Anti-HLA Antibody Development
Todeschini, M., Cortinovis, M., Perico, N., Poli, F., Innocente, A., Cavinato, R. A., Gotti, E., Ruggenenti, P. L., Gaspari, F., Noris, M., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1203261 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Predicting 5-Year Risk of Kidney Transplant Failure: A Prediction Instrument Using Data Available at 1 Year Posttransplantation
Shabir, S., Halimi, J., Cherukuri, A., Ball, S. T., Ferro, C. J., Lipkin, G. W., Benavente, D., Gatault, P., Baker, R. J., KIBERD, B. A., et al. (2014) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2013.10.059 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
BK Virus Replication and Nephropathy After Alemtuzumab-Induced Kidney Transplantation
Theodoropoulos, N. M., Wang, E., Penugonda, S., Ladner, D. P., Stosor, V., Leventhal, J. R., Friedewald, J. J., Angarone, M., & Ison, M. G. (2012) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04314.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Calcineurin Inhibitor Sparing in Renal Transplantation
Ekberg, H. (2008) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0b013e3181856f39 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Campath, calcineurin inhibitor reduction and chronic allograft nephropathy (3C) study: background, rationale, and study protocol
Haynes, R., Baigent, C., Harden, P., Landray, M., Akyol, M., Asderakis, A., Baxter, A., Bhandari, S., Chowdhury, P., Clancy, M. J., et al. (2013) · Transplantation Research · doi:10.1186/2047-1440-2-7 · Cited by 23 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 25 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Pancreatic Islet Transplantation in Humans: Recent Progress and Future Directions
Rickels, M. R., & Robertson, R. P. (2019) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2018-00154 · Cited by 329 · see citing works
BK Polyomavirus: Clinical Aspects, Immune Regulation, and Emerging Therapies
Ambalathingal, G. R., Francis, R. S., Smyth, M. J., Smith, C., & Khanna, R. (2017) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00074-16 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Compromised Hosts (ESGICH) Consensus Document on the safety of targeted and biological therapies: an infectious diseases perspective (Agents targeting lymphoid cells surface antigens [I]: CD19, CD20 and CD52)
Mikulska, M., Lanini, S., Gudiol, C., Drgoňa, Ľ., Ippolito, G., Fernández‐Ruiz, M., & Salzberger, B. (2018) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2018.02.003 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Renal association clinical practice guideline in post-operative care in the kidney transplant recipient
Baker, R. J., Mark, P. B., Patel, R. K., Stevens, K. K., & Palmer, N. (2017) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-017-0553-2 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Infectious Complications of Biological and Small Molecule Targeted Immunomodulatory Therapies
Davis, J. S., Ferreira, D., Paige, E. K., Gedye, C. A., & Boyle, M. (2020) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00035-19 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Immunosuppression for kidney transplantation: Where are we now and where are we going?
Lim, M. A., Kohli, J., & Bloom, R. D. (2016) · Transplantation Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.trre.2016.10.006 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
The need for minimization strategies: current problems of immunosuppression
Bamoulid, J., Staeck, O., Halleck, F., Khadzhynov, D., Brakemeier, S., Dürr, M., & Budde, K. (2015) · Transplant International · doi:10.1111/tri.12553 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
A Rationale for Age-Adapted Immunosuppression in Organ Transplantation
Krenzien, F., Elkhal, A., Quante, M., Biefer, H. R. C., Hirofumi, U., Gabardi, S., & Tullius, S. G. (2015) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000000842 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
The Influence of Immunosuppressive Agents on the Risk of De Novo Donor-Specific HLA Antibody Production in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
O’Leary, J. G., Samaniego, M., Crespo, M., Potena, L., Zeevi, A., Djamali, A., & Cozzi, E. (2015) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000000869 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Reduction of Extended-Release Tacrolimus Dose in Low-Immunological-Risk Kidney Transplant Recipients Increases Risk of Rejection and Appearance of Donor-Specific Antibodies: A Randomized Study
Gatault, P., Kamar, N., Büchler, M., Colosio, C., Bertrand, D., Dürrbach, A., Albano, L., Rivalan, J., Meur, Y. L., Essig, M., et al. (2016) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.14109 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Belimumab in kidney transplantation: an experimental medicine, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial
Banham, G. D., Flint, S. M., Torpey, N., Lyons, P., Shanahan, D. N., Gibson, A., Watson, C. J. E., O’Sullivan, A.-M., Chadwick, J., Foster, K., et al. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)30984-x · Cited by 92 · see citing works
The Calcineurin Inhibitor Tacrolimus Specifically Suppresses Human T Follicular Helper Cells
Wallin, E. F., Hill, D. L., Linterman, M. A., & Wood, K. J. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01184 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
2019 European Thyroid Association Guidelines on the Management of Thyroid Dysfunction following Immune Reconstitution Therapy
Muller, I., Moran, C., Lecumberri, B., Decallonne, B., Robertson, N., Jones, J., & Dayan, C. M. (2019) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000500881 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Review of the Clinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Alemtuzumab and Its Use in Kidney Transplantation
van der Zwan, M., Baan, C. C., van Gelder, T., & Hesselink, D. A. (2017) · Clinical Pharmacokinetics · doi:10.1007/s40262-017-0573-x · Cited by 74 · see citing works
CD45RA Distinguishes CD4+CD25+CD127−/low TSDR Demethylated Regulatory T Cell Subpopulations With Differential Stability and Susceptibility to Tacrolimus-Mediated Inhibition of Suppression
Hornero, R. A., Betts, G. J., Sawitzki, B., Vogt, K., Harden, P., & Wood, K. J. (2016) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000001278 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Immunological risk assessment: The key to individualized immunosuppression after kidney transplantation
Pratschke, J., Dragun, D., Hauser, I. A., Horn, S., Mueller, T., Schemmer, P., & Thaiss, F. (2016) · Transplantation Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.trre.2016.02.002 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Autologous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in combination with everolimus to preserve renal structure and function in renal transplant recipients
Reinders, M. E. J., Bank, J. R., Dreyer, G. J., Roelofs, H., Heidt, S., Roelen, D. L., Huurman, V. A. L., Lindeman, J. H. N., van Kooten, C., Claas, F. H. J., et al. (2014) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-014-0331-x · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Post-transplantation malignancies: here today, gone tomorrow?
Geissler, E. K. (2015) · Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2015.186 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Basophils Trigger Fibroblast Activation in Cardiac Allograft Fibrosis Development
Schiechl, G., Hermann, F. J., Gomez, M. R., Kutzi, S., Schmidbauer, K., Talke, Y., Neumayer, S., Goebel, N., Renner, K., Brühl, H., et al. (2016) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.13764 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Comparing Outcomes between Antibody Induction Therapies in Kidney Transplantation
Koyawala, N., Silber, J. H., Rosenbaum, P. R., Wang, W., Hill, A. S., Reiter, J. G., Niknam, B. A., Even‐Shoshan, O., Bloom, R. D., Sawinski, D. L., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2016070768 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Transplantation Without Overimmunosuppression (TWO) study protocol: a phase 2b randomised controlled single-centre trial of regulatory T cell therapy to facilitate immunosuppression reduction in living donor kidney transplant recipients
Brook, M. O., Hester, J., Petchey, W. G., Rombach, I., Dutton, S., Bottomley, M. J., Black, J., Abdul-Wahab, S., Bushell, A., Lombardi, G., et al. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061864 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Liquid Biopsies to Monitor Solid Organ Transplant Function: A Review of New Biomarkers
Verhoeven, J. G. H. P., Boer, K., van Schaik, R. H. N., Manintveld, O. C., Huibers, M. M. H., Baan, C. C., & Hesselink, D. A. (2018) · Therapeutic Drug Monitoring · doi:10.1097/ftd.0000000000000549 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Glycemic Stability Through Islet-After-Kidney Transplantation Using an Alemtuzumab-Based Induction Regimen and Long-Term Triple-Maintenance Immunosuppression
Nijhoff, M. F., Engelse, M. A., Dubbeld, J., Braat, A. E., Ringers, J., Roelen, D. L., van Erkel, A. R., Spijker, H. S., Bouwsma, H., van der Boog, P. J. M., et al. (2015) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.13425 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Drug-Induced Hematological Cytopenia in Kidney Transplantation and the Challenges It Poses for Kidney Transplant Physicians
Khalil, M. A. M., Khalil, M. A. U., Khan, T. F. T., & Tan, J. C. (2018) · Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1155/2018/9429265 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Human leukocyte antigen selected allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in renal transplantation: The Neptune study, a phase I single-center study
Dreyer, G. J., Groeneweg, K. E., Heidt, S., Roelen, D. L., van Pel, M., Roelofs, H., Huurman, V. A. L., Bajema, I. M., Moes, D. J. A. R., Fibbe, W. E., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15910 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell therapy with early tacrolimus withdrawal: The randomized prospective, single-center, open-label TRITON study
Reinders, M. E. J., Groeneweg, K. E., Hendriks, S. H., Bank, J. R., Dreyer, G. J., de Vries, A. P. J., van Pel, M., Roelofs, H., Huurman, V. A. L., Meij, P., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.16528 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Measuring Intracellular Concentrations of Calcineurin Inhibitors: Expert Consensus from the International Association of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology Expert Panel
Lemaitre, F., Vethe, N. T., D’Avolio, A., Tron, C., Robertsen, I., de Winter, B. C. M., Nicolò, A. D., Koch, B. C. P., Venkataramanan, R., van Gelder, T., et al. (2020) · Therapeutic Drug Monitoring · doi:10.1097/ftd.0000000000000780 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The Fourth International Workshop on Clinical Transplant Tolerance
Issa, F., Strober, S., Leventhal, J. R., Kawai, T., Kaufman, D. B., Levitsky, J., Sykes, M., Mas, V. R., Wood, K. J., Bridges, N. D., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.16139 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Fungal infection risks associated with the use of cytokine antagonists and immune checkpoint inhibitors
Li, X., Lau, S. K. P., & Woo, P. C. Y. (2020) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1177/1535370220939862 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Impact of Tacrolimus Compared With Cyclosporin on the Incidence of Acute Allograft Rejection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Positive Kidney Transplant Recipients
Gathogo, E., Harber, M. A., Bhagani, S. R., Levy, J. B., Jones, R., Hilton, R. M., Davies, G., & Post, F. A. (2015) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000000879 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Dosing algorithms for initiation of immunosuppressive drugs in solid organ transplant recipients
Andrews, L. M., Riva, N., de Winter, B. C. M., Hesselink, D. A., de Wildt, S. N., Cransberg, K., & van Gelder, T. (2015) · Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology · doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1033397 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Highly sensitive and rapid determination of tacrolimus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Bahmany, S., de Wit, L. E. A., Hesselink, D. A., van Gelder, T., Shuker, N., Baan, C. C., van der Nagel, B. C. H., Koch, B. C. P., & de Winter, B. C. M. (2018) · Biomedical Chromatography · doi:10.1002/bmc.4416 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Polyoma virus nephropathy in kidney transplantation
Scadden, J., Sharif, A., Skordilis, K., & Borrows, R. (2017) · World Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.5500/wjt.v7.i6.329 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Emerging drugs for prevention of T-cell mediated rejection in liver and kidney transplantation
Wong, T. C.-L., Lo, C., & Fung, J. (2017) · Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs · doi:10.1080/14728214.2017.1330884 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Efficacy and Safety of Induction Therapy in Kidney Transplantation: A Network Meta-Analysis
Hwang, S. D., Lee, J. H., Lee, S. W., Park, K.-M., Kim, J. K., Kim, M.-J., & Song, J. (2018) · Transplantation Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.01.022 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Immunosuppression after renal transplantation
Neuwirt, H., Rudnicki, M., Schratzberger, P., Pirklbauer, M., Kronbichler, A., & Mayer, G. J. (2019) · memo - Magazine of European Medical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12254-019-0507-4 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Biliary Tract and Liver Complications in Polycystic Kidney Disease
Judge, P. K., Harper, C., Storey, B. C., Haynes, R., Wilcock, M. J., Staplin, N., Goldacre, R., Baigent, C., Collier, J. D., Goldacre, M. J., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2017010084 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
ABO‐incompatible kidney transplantation in perspective of deceased donor transplantation and induction strategies: a propensity‐matched analysis
de Weerd, A. E., van den Brand, J. A. J. G., Bouwsma, H., de Vries, A. P. J., Dooper, I. M. M., Sanders, J., Christiaans, M. H. L., van Reekum, F. E., van Zuilen, A. D., Bemelman, F. J., et al. (2021) · Transplant International · doi:10.1111/tri.14145 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Immune reconstitution after alemtuzumab therapy for multiple sclerosis triggering Graves’ orbitopathy: a case series
Roos, J. C. P., Moran, C., Chatterjee, K., Jones, J., Coles, A. J., & Murthy, R. (2018) · Eye · doi:10.1038/s41433-018-0282-1 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Campath, calcineurin inhibitor reduction, and chronic allograft nephropathy (the 3C Study) – results of a randomized controlled clinical trial
Haynes, R., Blackwell, L. S., Staplin, N., Herrington, W. G., Emberson, J., Judge, P. K., Storey, B. C., Landray, M., Harden, P., Baigent, C., et al. (2017) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.14619 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Challenges in pediatric renal transplantation
Peruzzi, L. (2014) · World Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.5500/wjt.v4.i4.222 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Low-dose alemtuzumab induction in a tailored immunosuppression protocol for sensitized kidney transplant recipients
Guthoff, M., Berger, K., Althaus, K., Mühlbacher, T., Bakchoul, T., Steurer, W., Nadalin, S., Königsrainer, A., & Heyne, N. (2020) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-020-01767-z · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Late Treatment With Autologous Expanded Regulatory T-cell Therapy After Alemtuzumab Induction Is Safe and Facilitates Immunosuppression Minimization in Living Donor Renal Transplantation
Brook, M. O., Hennessy, C., Hester, J., Hammad, S., Alzhrani, A., Rombach, I., Dutton, S., Lombardi, G., Wood, K. J., Friend, P. J., et al. (2024) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000005065 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Duration of delayed graft function and outcomes after kidney transplantation from controlled donation after circulatory death donors: a retrospective study
Shamali, A., Kassimatis, T. I., Phillips, B. L., Burton, H., Kessaris, N., & Callaghan, C. J. (2019) · Transplant International · doi:10.1111/tri.13403 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Antibody-mediated rejection
Amore, A. (2015) · Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation · doi:10.1097/mot.0000000000000230 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Randomized trial of rATg/Daclizumab vs. rATg/Alemtuzumab as dual induction therapy in renal transplantation: Results at 8years of follow-up
Ciancio, G., Gaynor, J. J., Guerra, G., Sageshima, J., Roth, D., Chen, L., Kupin, W. L., Mattiazzi, A. D., Tueros, L., Flores, S., et al. (2016) · Transplant Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.trim.2016.11.004 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Analysis of Risk Factors for Kidney Retransplant Outcomes Associated with Common Induction Regimens: A Study of over Twelve-Thousand Cases in the United States
Santos, A. H., Casey, M. J., & Womer, K. L. (2017) · Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1155/2017/8132672 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Lymphocyte depletion and risk of acute rejection in renal transplant recipients at increased risk for delayed graft function
Ravindra, K. V., Sanoff, S., Vikraman, D. S., Zaaroura, A., Nanavati, A. J., Sudan, D. L., & Irish, W. D. (2018) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15102 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Recommendations for living donor kidney transplantation
Frutos, M. Á., Crespo, M., Valentín, M. D. L. O., Melgar, Á. A., Alonso, J., Fernández, C., Erauzkin, G. G., González, E., González-Rinne, A. M., Guirado, L., et al. (2022) · Nefrología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.nefroe.2022.07.001 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
BJS commission on surgery and perioperative care post-COVID-19
BJS Commission Team, Abahuje, E. A. E., Abbas, A., Maksoud, M. A. E. A. A. E., Abdelhady, A., Abdelhamid, S., Faraj, H., Abdelqader, B., Abdou, H., Abdullah, A., et al. (2021) · British journal of surgery · doi:10.1093/bjs/znab307 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
De novo donor-specific HLA antibodies after combined intestinal and vascularized composite allotransplantation - a retrospective study
Weißenbacher, A., Vrakas, G., Chen, M., Reddy, S., Allan, P., Giele, H. P., Barnardo, M., Vaidya, A. C., Friend, P. J., & Fuggle, S. V. (2017) · Transplant International · doi:10.1111/tri.13096 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Immunological risk stratification and tailored minimisation of immunosuppression in renal transplant recipients
for the South West Thames Renal Transplantation Network, Phanish, M. K., Hull, R., Andrews, P., Popoola, J., Kingdon, E., & MacPhee, I. A. M. (2020) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-020-01739-3 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Infections associated with the new ‘nibs and mabs’ and cellular therapies
Maus, M. V., & Lionakis, M. S. (2020) · Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1097/qco.0000000000000656 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Potential Application of T-Follicular Regulatory Cell Therapy in Transplantation
Dudreuilh, C., Basu, S., Scottà, C., Dorling, A., & Lombardi, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.612848 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Living donor uterus transplant in the UK: A case report
Jones, B. P., Vali, S., Saso, S., Devaney, A., Bracewell‐Milnes, T., Nicopoullos, J. D. M., Thum, M., Kaur, B. S., Roufosse, C. A., Stewart, V. R., et al. (2023) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.17639 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Use of polyclonal/monoclonal antibody therapies in transplantation
Yeung, M. Y., Gabardi, S., & Sayegh, M. H. (2017) · Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy · doi:10.1080/14712598.2017.1283400 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Regulatory B cells in transplantation: roadmaps to clinic
Beckett, J., Hester, J., Issa, F., & Shankar, S. (2020) · Transplant International · doi:10.1111/tri.13706 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Immunosuppression and Results in Renal Transplantation
Bamoulid, J., Staeck, O., Halleck, F., Khadzhynov, D., Paliege, A., Brakemeier, S., Dürr, M., & Budde, K. (2016) · European Urology Supplements · doi:10.1016/j.eursup.2016.04.011 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
A systematic literature review and meta-analysis evaluated modifiable risk factors for the development of BK polyoma virus–associated complications
Eder, M., Kainz, A., Omić, H., Aigner, C., Copic, D., Kotton, C. N., Kamar, N., Wojciechowski, D., Hirsch, H. H., & Oberbauer, R. W. (2025) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2025.06.014 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Immunological risks of minimization strategies
Snanoudj, R., Tinel, C., & Legendre, C. M. (2015) · Transplant International · doi:10.1111/tri.12570 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Non-Conventional Clinical Uses of TSH Receptor Antibodies: The Case of Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis
Napolitano, G., Bucci, I., Dalmazi, G. D., & Giuliani, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2021.769084 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Lymphocyte-depleting induction and steroid minimization after kidney transplantation: A review
Naesens, M., Berger, S. P., Biancone, L., Crespo, M., Djamali, A., Hertig, A., Öllinger, R., Portolés, J. M., Zuckermann, A. O., & Pascual, J. (2016) · Nefrología · doi:10.1016/j.nefro.2016.03.019 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Thymoglobulin Versus Alemtuzumab Versus Basiliximab Kidney Transplantation From Donors After Circulatory Death
Asderakis, A., Sabah, T., Watkins, W. J., Khalid, U., Szabó, L. D., Stephens, M., Griffin, S., & Chavez, R. (2022) · Kidney International Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.1042 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Chronic Allograft Nephropathy—A Narrative Review of Its Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Evolving Management Strategies
Pittappilly, M., Sharshir, M. A., & Paramesh, A. S. (2025) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines13040929 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
BK virus-induced renal allograft nephropathy
Krejčí, K., Tichý, T., Bednaříková, J., Žamboch, K., & Zadražil, J. (2018) · Biomedical Papers · doi:10.5507/bp.2018.018 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Diagnosis and treatment of allograft rejection in islet transplantation
Landstra, C. P., Nijhoff, M. F., Roelen, D. L., de Vries, A. P. J., & de Koning, E. J. P. (2023) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1016/j.ajt.2023.05.035 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
TDM Is Alive and Kicking!
Lemaitre, F., & Hesselink, D. A. (2022) · Therapeutic Drug Monitoring · doi:10.1097/ftd.0000000000001034 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
HLA‐DQ eplet mismatch load may identify kidney transplant patients eligible for tacrolimus withdrawal without donor‐specific antibody formation after mesenchymal stromal cell therapy
Bezstarosti, S., Meziyerh, S., Reinders, M. E. J., Voogt‐Bakker, K., Groeneweg, K. E., Roelen, D. L., Kers, J., de Fijter, J. W., & Heidt, S. (2023) · HLA · doi:10.1111/tan.15008 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Corticosteroid minimization in renal transplantation: Careful patient selection enables feasibility
Vlachopanos, G., Bridson, J.-M., Sharma, A. K., & Halawa, A. M. (2016) · World Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.5500/wjt.v6.i4.759 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab Induction and Delayed Acute Rejection in Steroid-Free Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplant Recipients
Bank, J. R., Heidt, S., Moes, D. J. A. R., Roelen, D. L., Mallat, M. J. K., van der Boog, P. J. M., Vergunst, M., der Zijde, C. M. J., Bredius, R. G. M., Braat, A. E., et al. (2016) · Transplantation Direct · doi:10.1097/txd.0000000000000634 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab dose adjusted for body weight is associated with earlier lymphocyte repletion and less infective episodes in the first year post renal transplantation - a retrospective study
Willicombe, M. K., Goodall, D., Mclean, A. G., & Taube, D. H. (2017) · Transplant International · doi:10.1111/tri.12978 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Getting our ducks in a row: The need for data utility comparisons of healthcare systems data for clinical trials
Sydes, M. R., Murray, M. L., Ahmed, S., Apostolidou, S., Bliss, J. M., Bloomfield, C., Cannings-John, R. L., Carpenter, J., Clayton, T. C., Clout, M., et al. (2024) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2024.107514 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Biomarker and surrogate development in vascularised composite allograft transplantation: Current progress and future challenges
Honeyman, C. S., Stark, H. L., Wang, C., Hester, J., Issa, F., & Giele, H. P. (2020) · Journal of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2020.11.022 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Recomendaciones para el trasplante renal de donante vivo
Frutos, M. Á., Crespo, M., Valentín, M. D. L. O., Melgar, Á. A., Alonso, J., Fernández, C., Erauzkin, G. G., González, E., González-Rinne, A. M., Guirado, L., et al. (2022) · Nefrología · doi:10.1016/j.nefro.2021.10.002 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Pharmacotherapeutic management of HIV in transplant patients
Spagnuolo, V., Uberti‐Foppa, C., & Castagna, A. (2019) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1080/14656566.2019.1612364 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Acute Rejection in Kidney Transplantation and Early Beginning of Tacrolimus
Salcedo, S., Ramírez, J. L. P., Garcia-Lopez, A. E., Amaya-Nieto, J., & Girón-Luque, F. (2019) · Transplantation Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.04.048 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Acute Neurological Illness in a Kidney Transplant Recipient Following Infection With Enterovirus-D68: An Emerging Infection?
Wali, R. K., Lee, A. H., Kam, J. C., Jonsson, J., Thatcher, A. L., Poretz, D. M., Ambardar, S., Piper, J. B., Lynch, C., Kulkarni, S., et al. (2015) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.13398 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Invasive fungal infections in paediatric patients treated with macromolecular immunomodulators other than tumour necrosis alpha inhibitors
Kyriakidis, I., Tragiannidis, A., Zündorf, I., & Groll, A. H. (2017) · Mycoses · doi:10.1111/myc.12621 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Pre-transplant management and sensitisation in vascularised composite allotransplantation: A systematic review
Geoghegan, L., Al-Khalil, M., Scarborough, A., Murray, A., & Issa, F. (2020) · Journal of Plastic Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2020.05.010 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab in renal transplantation. Reviews of literature and usage in the United Kingdom
Chukwu, C., Spiers, H. V. M., Middleton, R., Kalra, P. A., Asderakis, A., Rao, A., & Augustine, T. (2022) · Transplantation Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.trre.2022.100686 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Meeting report of the STAR—Sensitization in Transplantation Assessment of Risk: Naïve Abdominal Transplant Organ subgroup focus on kidney transplantation
Mannon, R. B., Askar, M. Z., Jackson, A. M., Newell, K. A., & Mengel, M. (2018) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.14977 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Comparison of Alemtuzumab Versus Basiliximab Induction Therapy in Elderly Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Single-Center Experience
Yakubu, I., Ravichandran, B. R., Sparkes, T. M., Barth, R. N., Haririan, A., & Masters, B. M. (2019) · Journal of Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.1177/0897190019850934 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab induction therapy in kidney transplantation
Kuypers, D. R. J. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61174-0 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Pharmacologic Targeting of Regulatory T Cells for Solid Organ Transplantation: Current and Future Prospects
Safa, K., Chandran, S., & Wojciechowski, D. (2015) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-015-0487-6 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) experience in kidney transplantation what we have learned; current practices; and scope for the future?
Gundroo, A. A., Zachariah, M. S., Singh, N. K., & Sharma, R. K. (2015) · Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation · doi:10.1097/mot.0000000000000255 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Short-term outcome after simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation with alemtuzumab vs. basiliximab induction: a single-center retrospective study
Swaab, T. D. A., Pol, R. A., Crop, M. J., Sanders, J., Berger, S. P., Hofker, H. S., Bakker, S. J. L., & Velde‐Keyzer, C. A. T. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-06750-y · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A comparison of three induction therapies on patients with delayed graft function after kidney transplantation
Umber, A., Killackey, M. T., Paramesh, A. S., Liu, Y., Qin, H., Atiq, M. U., Lee, B., Alper, A., Simon, E. E., Buell, J. F., et al. (2016) · Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s40620-016-0304-7 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Perioperative Care for Kidney Transplant Recipients
Hultin, S., Hawley, C. M., Johnson, D. W., & Francis, R. S. (2019) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.84388 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Opportunistic Infections After Induction With Alemtuzumab or Basiliximab: A 3-Year Kidney Transplantation Experience
Florescu, D. F., Seaman, J. A., Kalil, A. C., Qiu, F., Bremers, D., & Westphal, S. G. (2020) · Transplantation Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.08.025 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Induction with ATG in DCD kidney transplantation; efficacy and relation of dose and cell markers on delayed graft function and renal function
Sabah, T., Khalid, U., Ilham, M. A., Ablorsu, E., Szabó, L. D., Griffin, S., Chavez, R., & Asderakis, A. (2021) · Transplant Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.trim.2021.101388 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The Utility of Routine Ultrasound Imaging after Elective Transplant Ureteric Stent Removal
Das, B., Hobday, D., Olsburgh, J., & Callaghan, C. J. (2016) · Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1155/2016/1231567 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Stem-like T cells: molecular regulation, functional diversity, and therapeutic implications across diseases
Wang, Z., Lai, L., Ran, S., Li, Y., Zhao, J., Wu, J., Guo, C., Cui, J., & Xia, J. (2025) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-025-07383-5 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Renal transplantation—reducing risk and improving outcome
Hesselink, D. A., & Weimar, W. W. (2014) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/nrneph.2014.240 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Concepts and Challenges in Organ Transplantation
Wood, K. J., Shankar, S., Hester, J., & Issa, F. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-6896-6.00081-8 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab Treatment Leads to Delayed Recovery of T Follicular Regulatory Cells, and May Therefore Predispose Patients to de novo Donor-Specific Antibody Formation
Wallin, E. F., Linterman, M. A., & Wood, K. J. (2019) · OBM Transplantation · doi:10.21926/obm.transplant.1903079 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Pharmacotherapeutic options for the prevention of kidney transplant rejection: the evidence to date
Spasovski, G. B., Trajceska, L., & Rambabova‐Bushljetik, I. (2022) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1080/14656566.2022.2102418 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Immunosuppressive Agents
Hardinger, K. L., Agha, I. A., & Brennan, D. C. (2016) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28797-3_3 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab Exposure and T Lymphocyte Depletion: A Population Pharmacokinetic‐Pharmacodynamic Model of Alemtuzumab Induction Therapy for Kidney Transplantation
van Vugt, L. K., Zwart, T. C., Bezstarosti, S., Heidt, S., Reinders, M. E. J., Hesselink, D. A., de Vries, A. P. J., de Winter, B. C. M., & Moes, D. J. A. R. (2025) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1002/cpt.3714 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Older Kidney Transplant Patients Are Over Immunosuppressed Using Standard Protocols With Differential Sex‐Based Complications
Alshaer, I., Hung, R. K. Y., Basu, S., Goldet, G., JONES, G. L., Harber, M. A., Fernando, R., Magee, C. N., Motallebzadeh, R., Caplin, B., et al. (2025) · Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1155/joot/5547629 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The Natural History and Impact of Urinary Tract Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Elhoweris, A. E., Sullivan, M. K., Norton, W. G., Salim, E., & Aitken, E. (2026) · Transplantation Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2026.01.026 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Results of a Large Randomized Controlled Trial of Alemtuzumab-Versus Basiliximab-Based Induction Therapy in Kidney Transplantation.
Haynes, R., Harden, P., Landray, M., Baigent, C., & Friend, P. J. (2014) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/00007890-201407151-00472 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab induction therapy in kidney transplantation
Kuypers, D. R. J. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61174-0 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Research Highlights
(2014) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000000442
Alemtuzumab induction reduces acute rejection risk
Sidaway, P. (2014) · Nature Reviews Nephrology · doi:10.1038/nrneph.2014.143 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Alemtuzumab induction therapy in kidney transplantation – Authors' reply
Haynes, R., Baigent, C., Landray, M., Harden, P., & Friend, P. J. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60432-9

Authors: †
Corresponding author: †
Venue: The Lancet
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2014-11
Volume: 384
Issue: 9955
Pages: 1684-1690
ISSN: 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61095-3
OpenAlex: W2186473865
Cited by: 149
References: 25
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 6
FWCI: 19.86
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Pfizer Ltd and Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd, and by NHS Blood and Transplant (project reference 09-15-01-03)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Transplantation › Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Transplantation › Organ and Tissue Transplantation Research
Keywords: alemtuzumab, basiliximab, kidney transplantation, induction therapy, acute rejection, calcineurin inhibitors, tacrolimus, mycophenolate, steroid avoidance, transplant failure, lymphocyte depletion, immunosuppression, renal allograft survival, acute kidney injury, acute tubular necrosis, acute interstitial nephritis
MeSH terms: Alemtuzumab, Basiliximab, Adult, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Female, Graft Rejection, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Male, Opportunistic Infections, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Kidney Transplantation, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Alemtuzumab-based induction treatment versus basiliximab-based induction treatment in kidney transplantation (the 3C Study): a randomised trial

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks