Developing and evaluating complex interventions: updating Medical Research Council guidance to take account of new methodological and theoretical approaches

Orthotic shorts for improving gait and walking in multiple sclerosis: a feasibility study

Snowdon, N., McLean, S. M., Piercy, H., Brodie, M. A. D., & Wheat, J. S. (2022) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2022.2114018 · Cited by 3

Effectiveness of psychological therapies for depression or anxiety in adults with intellectual disabilities: retrospective, matched, observational cohort study of primary care electronic healthcare records in England

Baou, C. E., Saunders, R., Buckman, J. E. J., Dagnan, D., Mandy, W., O’Nions, E., Scior, K., Pender, R., Hoare, S., Richards, M., et al. (2025) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.2025.127 · Cited by 3

Process evaluation in intellectual disability research: A case study and the need for adaptation of frameworks

Randell, E., McNamara, R. L., & Busse, M. E. (2021) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jar.12938 · Cited by 2

Pregnancy variables that impact postpartum quality of life: a multicenter prospective study

Pinedo, I. A., Paz‐Pascual, C., Bully, P., ema-Q Group, Alvarez, S., Blas, M., Cabeza, I., Estalella, I., Legarra, K., Lozano, G., et al. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-10699-3 · Cited by 2

Changing Behavior Using Control Theory

Mansell, W. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.009 · Cited by 11

Copula Models for Addressing Sample Selection in the Evaluation of Public Health Programmes: An Application to the Leeds Let’s Get Active Study

Candio, P., Hill, A. J., Poupakis, S., Pulkki‐Brännström, A., Bojke, C., & Gomes, M. (2021) · Applied Health Economics and Health Policy · doi:10.1007/s40258-020-00629-x · Cited by 2

Dismantling behavioural weight management interventions: component network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and real-world services

Jaiswal, N., Gregg, R., Hawkins, N., Sharif, S., Avenell, A., Ells, L. J., Jayacodi, S., Mackenzie, R. M., Simpson, S. A., Wu, O., et al. (2025) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/gjjl0630 · Cited by 2

Behavior Change in Community Contexts

Trickett, E. J., & Paterson, S. E. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.028 · Cited by 2

Cost-Effectiveness Evaluations of Behavior Change Interventions

Wang, T., Downes, M., Byrnes, J., & Scuffham, P. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.026 · Cited by 1

Evaluating AI in Social Programs: Reframing Complex Intervention as Socio-Technical Intervention

Loy, A., & White, E. B. (2026) · Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work · doi:10.1080/26408066.2025.2583932 · Cited by 1

Online Remote Behavioural Intervention for Tics (ORBIT-UK): protocol of a single cohort usability study

Hastings, O., Brown, B. J., Prentice, K.-M., Babbage, C. M., Davies, E. B., Kilgariff, J., Murphy, T. L., McGarry, G., Guo, B., Greenhalgh, C., et al. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-110121 · Cited by 1

Persisting Pain Disorders: The Central Importance of Psychology in the Management of Pain and Its Impact

Main, C. J., & Nicholas, M. K. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00119-9 · Cited by 1

Perceptions and experiences of allied health professionals of fabric orthoses for people with joint hypermobility syndromes: a qualitative study

Snowdon, N., & Dadla, S. A. (2023) · International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation · doi:10.12968/ijtr.2022.0148 · Cited by 1

Development of the conversation tool “I-HARP for COPD” for early identification of palliative care needs in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Huijten, D. C. M., Hofstede, L., Simons, S. O., Ament, S. M. C., Gunnink-Boonstra, N., Everdingen, M. H. J. V. D. B.-V., & Janssen, D. J. A. (2024) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951524000191 · Cited by 1

Acceptability and feasibility of fabric orthoses for movement control in multiple sclerosis

Snowdon, N. (2019) · Sheffield Hallam University · doi:10.7190/shu-thesis-00263 · Cited by 1

Cost-effectiveness of a shared decision-making intervention for patients receiving treatments for cardiovascular disease and diabetes in primary care: a cluster randomised controlled trial based on real-world data (IMA-cRCT study)Preprint

Rubio-Valera, M., Sánchez‐Viñas, A., Corral‐Partearroyo, C., Peñarrubia‐María, M. T., Gil‐Girbau, M., Olmos-Palenzuela, M. D. C., Gallardo‐Gonzalez, C., & Aznar-Lou, I. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8348455/v1 · Cited by 1

TO WORK OR NOT TO WORK, THAT IS THE QUESTION

(2008) · American Psychological Association eBooks · doi:10.2307/j.ctv1chs935.10

Research beyond biomedical confines: towards better mental health and well-being for all

Teoh, J. Y., & Lim, K. H. (2019) · Neuroscience Research Notes · doi:10.31117/neuroscirn.v2i4.43

A systematic framework for resource use measurement in the economic evaluation of individual-level physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions

Cochrane, M. (2020) · Liverpool John Moores University · doi:10.24377/ljmu.t.00013547

Supporting mental health service users to stop smoking: findings from a process evaluation of the implementation of smokefree policies into two mental health trusts

Jones, S. E., Billett, A., Mulrine, S., Clements, H., & Hamilton, S. (2020) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09673-7

Effectiveness of the preventive intervention of chromosomal disorders of Iran's community genetics program: Application of bayesian network

Azimi, S. S., Samavat, S. A., Tabar, V. R., & Soori, H. (2021) · Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · doi:10.47176/mjiri.35.132

Väestötasoisen terveyden edistämisen intervention suunnittelu ja käynnistäminen vaatii aikaa, seurantaa ja arviointia

Dalbom, L., Larivaara, M. M., Vasankari, T. J., Tuominen, M., & Rautava, P. T. (2021) · Sosiaalilääketieteellinen Aikakauslehti · doi:10.23990/sa.98012

Outcome Evaluation

Sidani, S., & Braden, C. J. (2021) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119610113.ch14

Index

Hagger, M. S., Cameron, L. D., Hamilton, K., Hankonen, N. E., & Lintunen, T. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108677318.047

Introduction to Intervention Research

(2021) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119610113.ch1

Correction: Using qualitative methods in pilot and feasibility trials to inform recruitment and retention processes in full-scale randomised trials: a qualitative evidence synthesis

British Medical Journal Publishing Group (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055521corr2

Do interventions targeting frailty improve outcomes after cardiac surgery? A systematic review

Cook, S., Fredericks, S., Sidani, S., Bailey, B., Soldevilla, S., & Sanders, J. (2023) · British Journal of Cardiac Nursing · doi:10.12968/bjca.2023.0009

Development and implementation of a novel approach to scaling the Meeting Centre intervention for people living with dementia and their unpaid care workers in the communityPreprint

Stephens, N. A., Evans, S., RUSSELL, C., & Brooker, D. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3996329/v1

Additional file 1 of Research and implementation interactions in a social accountability study: utilizing guidance for conducting process evaluations of complex interventions

Cordero, J. P., Mochache, V., Boydell, V., Addah, M. A., McMullen, H., Monyo, A., Mrema, S., Nai, D., Shamba, D. D., & Steyn, P. S. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.21500769

Background

Wong, G. H. Y., Ma, B. H., Lee, M. N. Y., & Dai, D. (2024) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108989336.003

Additional file 4 of The EMPOWER-SUSTAIN e-Health Intervention to improve patient activation and self-management behaviours among individuals with Metabolic Syndrome in primary care: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial

Daud, M. H., Ramli, A. S., Abdul-Razak, S., Isa, M. R., Yusoff, F. H., Baharudin, N., Mohamed-Yassin, M. S., Badlishah-Sham, S. F., Nikmat, A. W., Jamil, N., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12085353

Additional file 3 of The EMPOWER-SUSTAIN e-Health Intervention to improve patient activation and self-management behaviours among individuals with Metabolic Syndrome in primary care: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial

Daud, M. H., Ramli, A. S., Abdul-Razak, S., Isa, M. R., Yusoff, F. H., Baharudin, N., Mohamed-Yassin, M. S., Badlishah-Sham, S. F., Nikmat, A. W., Jamil, N., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12085350

Additional file 2 of The EMPOWER-SUSTAIN e-Health Intervention to improve patient activation and self-management behaviours among individuals with Metabolic Syndrome in primary care: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial

Daud, M. H., Ramli, A. S., Abdul-Razak, S., Isa, M. R., Yusoff, F. H., Baharudin, N., Mohamed-Yassin, M. S., Badlishah-Sham, S. F., Nikmat, A. W., Jamil, N., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12085347

Additional file 1 of Two years of ethics reflection groups about coercion in psychiatry. Measuring variation within employees’ normative attitudes, user involvement and the handling of disagreement

Molewijk, B. C., Pedersen, R., Kok, A. A. L., Før­de, R., & Aasland, O. G. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26589231

Additional file 1 of The EMPOWER-SUSTAIN e-Health Intervention to improve patient activation and self-management behaviours among individuals with Metabolic Syndrome in primary care: study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial

Daud, M. H., Ramli, A. S., Abdul-Razak, S., Isa, M. R., Yusoff, F. H., Baharudin, N., Mohamed-Yassin, M. S., Badlishah-Sham, S. F., Nikmat, A. W., Jamil, N., et al. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.12085344

Additional file 1 of Development of an intervention to manage benzodiazepine dependence and high-risk use in the context of escalating drug related deaths in Scotland: an application of the MRC framework

Berry, K. K., Matheson, C., Schofield, J., Dumbrell, J., Parkes, T., Hill, D. R. B., Kilonzo, M. M., MacLennan, G., Stewart, D., Ritchie, T., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26635836

Reciprocal innovation in implementation science and global health: reflections from the EXTRA-CVD (extending the HIV treatment cascade for cardiovascular disease prevention) study

Leung, C. L., Bosworth, H. B., Webel, A. R., Aifah, A. A., Akwanalo, C. O., Bloomfield, G. S., Choi, E. W., Gripshover, B., Hileman, C. O., Kamano, J. H., et al. (2026) · BMC Global and Public Health · doi:10.1186/s44263-026-00257-y

Effectiveness of psychological therapies for depression and anxiety in adults with and without ADHD in England: a retrospective cohort study

Baou, C. E., Suh, J. W., Saunders, R., Buckman, J. E. J., Hickmott, N., Corrigan, L., Clements, H., Dagnan, D., Donnellan, W. J., Mandy, W., et al. (2026) · The Lancet Regional Health - Europe · doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2026.101798

A new framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions: update of Medical Research Council guidance

Skivington, K., Matthews, L., Simpson, S. A., Craig, P., Baird, J., Blazeby, J. M., Boyd, K. A., Craig, N., French, D. P., McIntosh, E., et al. (2021) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.n2061 · Cited by 5,808

www.mrc.ac.uk/complexinterventionsguidance Developing and evaluating complex interventions: new guidance Contents

(2011)

Developing and evaluating complex interventions: the new Medical Research Council guidance

Craig, P., Dieppe, P., Macintyre, S., Michie, S., Nazareth, I., & Petticrew, M. (2008) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.a1655 · Cited by 10,995

Updating the Medical Research Council guidance on complex interventions: an outline proposal for developing an integrated body of guidance

Skivington, K., Matthews, L., Simpson, S. A., Craig, P., Baird, J., Blazeby, J. M., Boyd, K., Craig, N. J., French, D., McIntosh, E., et al. (2021)

Developing and evaluating complex interventions: Reflections on the 2008 MRC guidance

Craig, P., & Petticrew, M. P. (2012) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.09.009 · Cited by 221