The DOI matches its Crossref record; 134 of the 135 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Responding to global stimulant use: challenges and opportunities
Open accessAbstract
We did a global review to synthesise data on the prevalence, harms, and interventions for stimulant use, focusing specifically on the use of cocaine and amphetamines. Modelling estimated the effect of cocaine and amphetamine use on mortality, suicidality, and blood borne virus incidence. The estimated global prevalence of cocaine use was 0·4% and amphetamine use was 0·7%, with dependence affecting 16% of people who used cocaine and 11% of those who used amphetamine. Stimulant use was associated with elevated mortality, increased incidence of HIV and hepatitis C infection, poor mental health (suicidality, psychosis, depression, and violence), and increased risk of cardiovascular events. No effective pharmacotherapies are available that reduce stimulant use, and the available psychosocial interventions (except for contingency management) had a weak overall effect. Generic approaches can address mental health and blood borne virus infection risk if better tailored to mitigate the harms associated with stimulant use. Substantial and sustained investment is needed to develop more effective interventions to reduce stimulant use.
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Global patterns of opioid use and dependence: harms to populations, interventions, and future action
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Concurrent use of opioids and stimulants and risk of fatal overdose: A cohort study
Palis, H., Xavier, C. G., Dobrer, S., Desai, R., Sedgemore, K.-O., Scow, M., Lock, K., Gan, W., & Slaunwhite, A. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14506-w · Cited by 93
“This is particularly concerning considering people who use both opioids and stimulants are also known to face an elevated burden of concurrent chronic health conditions [17], necessitating access to care in order to avoid premature morbidity and mortality, including from illicit drug toxicity (overdose).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Farrell, M., Martin, N. K., Stockings, E., Bórquez, A., Cepeda, J. A., Degenhardt, L., Ali, R., Tran, L. T., Rehm, J., Torrens, M., Shoptaw, S., & McKetin, R.
- Affiliations
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- The University of Adelaide (AU)
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CA)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Farrell, Michael
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-11
- Volume
- 394
- Issue
- 10209
- Pages
- 1652-1667
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- PMC
- PMC6924572
- OpenAlex
- W2981405421
- Cited by
- 310
- References
- 135
- Citations by year
- 2026: 34 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 4.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI147490)
- National Institute for Drug Abuse (R01 DA03773)
- NIH (P30 AI036214)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Youth, Drugs, and Violence
- Keywords
- stimulant use, cocaine, amphetamine, prevalence, substance dependence, mortality, suicidality, HIV, hepatitis C, blood-borne viruses, cardiovascular risk, psychosis, depression, violence, pharmacotherapy, psychosocial interventions, contingency management, harm reduction
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Amphetamines, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Mental Disorders, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cocaine, Female, Hepatitis C, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Virus Diseases, HIV Infections, Incidence, Prevalence, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Young Adult
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