The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Visual inspection with acetic acid for cervical-cancer screening: test qualities in a primary-care setting
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Reportedly, VIA has a higher sensitivity but lower specificity than that of cytology in developing countries.5,7”
From A cluster randomized controlled trial of visual, cytology and human papillomavirus screening for cancer of the cervix in rural India (2005) · cites this paper as [5]
Citations
Cites
Assessment of diagnostic tests when disease verification is subject to selection bias
Begg, C. B., & Greenes, R. A. (1983) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2530820 · Cited by 708
Meta-analysis of Pap Test Accuracy
Fahey, M. T., Irwig, L., & Macaskill, P. (1995) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117485 · Cited by 690
Colposcopy for the diagnosis of squamous intraepithelial lesions: A meta-analysis
Mitchell, M. F. (1998) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00006-4 · Cited by 372
Nieminen, P., KALLIO, M., & Hakama, M. (1995) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0029-7844(95)00063-w · Cited by 202
New developments in cervical cancer screening and prevention
Franco, E. L., & Monsonégo, J. (1997) · Cited by 177
Acetic acid visualization of the cervix: an alternative to cytologic screening
Megevand, E., Denny, L., Dehaeck, K., Soeters, R., & BLOCH, B. (1996) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0029-7844(96)00189-5 · Cited by 131
Visual inspection with acetic acid in the early detection of cervical cancer and precursors
Sankaranarayanan, R., Shyamalakumary, B., Wesley, R., Amma, N. S., Parkin, D. M., & Nair, M. K. (1999) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19990105)80:1 · Cited by 114
Sensitivity and specificity of a single diagnostic test in the presence of work-up bias
Choi, B. C. K. (1992) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/0895-4356(92)90129-b · Cited by 107
Examination of the cervix with the naked eye using acetic acid test
Ottaviano, M., & Torre, P. L. (1982) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(82)90642-1 · Cited by 68
Testing Cervicography and Cervicoscopy as Screening Tests for Cervical Cancer
Cecchini, S., Bonardi, R., Mazzotta, A., Grazzini, G., Iossa, A., & Ciatto, S. (1993) · Tumori Journal · doi:10.1177/030089169307900104 · Cited by 64
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Stjernswärd, 1987, Plotting a new course for cervical cancer screening in developing countries., World Health Forum, 8, 42
- 1990, Screening for cervical cancer., Am Fam Physician, 41, 853
- Abrams, 1990, A preliminary study of the Gynoscope: an adjunct to cytologic screening of the cervix., Am J Gynecol Health, 4, 37
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–276 of 276
Screening, Diagnosis, and Staging of Cervical Cancer
Chan, Y. M., & Luesley, D. M. (2004) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-07142-3.50006-3 · Cited by 4
Cervical Screening Awareness and Practice among Medical Personnel
Kouser, S., Zarreen, A., & Begum, A. (2009) · Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1027 · Cited by 3
Martínez, E. Z., Louzada, F., Achcar, J. A., Syrjänen, K. J., Derchain, S., Gontijo, R. C., & Sarian, L. O. (2009) · Brazilian Journal of Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1214/08-bjps006 · Cited by 3
Cervical cancer screening in England and Wales: an update
Barton‐Smith, P., Thomas, V., & Ind, T. E. J. (2003) · Reviews in Gynaecological Practice · doi:10.1016/s1471-7697(03)00007-8 · Cited by 3
Dasari, M. M., Anem, V., Gunta, S., Kumar, S. S., & Atla, B. (2018) · International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences · doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20182285 · Cited by 3
(2006) · Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1155/idog/2006/59089 · Cited by 4
Rochanawutanon, M., & Srisupandit, S. (2007) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1111/j.1525-1438.2006.00856.x · Cited by 3
Editorial: Cervical screening: technology, treatment, policy – what is appropriate?
Hall, A. J. (2000) · Tropical Medicine & International Health · doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.2000.00665.x · Cited by 3
Assessing the feasibility of HPV screening for cervical cancer in pregnant women in Ethiopia
Mekuria, S. F., Assiged, N., Kebede, H. B., Borgfeldt, C., Abebe, T., Mihret, A., Forslund, O., & Jerkeman, M. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-15957-y · Cited by 2
Rady, H. A., Gaber, Z., Agamia, A. F., & Melies, M. E.-S. (2019) · Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology · doi:10.1007/s40944-019-0272-7 · Cited by 2
Jagruthi, C., & Hemavathi, G. (2019) · Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences · doi:10.14260/jemds/2019/598 · Cited by 2
Initiation of Population-Based Cervical and Breast Cancer Screening in Bangladesh
Nessa, A., Uddin, S. M. N., & Azad, A. K. (2021) · Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology · doi:10.1007/s40944-021-00550-8 · Cited by 2
Early Cervical Cancer Diagnostics Detection Based on RMSE and Extreme Learning Machine
Pundir, A. K. S., Nayak, U. A., Gayathri, D., Sucharitha, M., Jamalpur, B., & Rastogi, R. (2023) · International Conference on Self Sustainable Artificial Intelligence Systems (ICSSAS) · doi:10.1109/icssas57918.2023.10331791 · Cited by 2
Durdi, G., Patil, K., & Lumb, L. (2011) · Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1130 · Cited by 2
Rocha‐Zavaleta, L., García-Carrancá, A. M., de la Cruz, A. L., Barrios‐García, T., Valdespino, V., & Cruz-Talonia, F. (2002) · Intervirology · doi:10.1159/000063234 · Cited by 2
Kamal, M. M., Sapkal, R., Sarodey, C. S., Munshi, M. M., Alsi, Y. D., Chande, M. A., Hingway, S. R., Dandige, S., Kane, U. S., Kshirsagar, R., et al. (2007) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/j.1447-0756.2007.00562.x · Cited by 2
Parvin, Z., Naher, L., Das, S., Khanam, S., & Rosy, N. (2018) · Faridpur Medical College Journal · doi:10.3329/fmcj.v13i1.38014 · Cited by 2
Biaye, B., Gassama, O., Dièmé, M. E. F., Touré, Y., Cissé, M., Wade, M., Diop, D., Assane, B., Guèye, M., Diouf, A. A., et al. (2019) · Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.4236/ojog.2019.93031 · Cited by 2
The Lived Experience of Cervical Cancer Screening as Perceived by Indigenous Maya Women in Guatemala
Goodman, R. (2019) · International Journal for Human Caring · doi:10.20467/1091-5710.23.4.320 · Cited by 2
Khalil, R. Y., & Qader, K. A. (2020) · Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research · doi:10.24017/science.2020.1.15 · Cited by 2
Rani, D. S. A., & Rama, D. K. (2016) · IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences · doi:10.9790/0853-150735462 · Cited by 2
Cervical cancer screening in non-industrialised countries
Denny, L. E., Kuhn, L., & Wright, T. C. (2003) · Papillomavirus Report · doi:10.1179/095741903225003037 · Cited by 2
Chituku, T., Jones, S., & Phillips, R. M. (2022) · doi:10.22541/au.164873341.16568307/v1 · Cited by 2
No Family Should Suffer From Cervical Cancer Twice–The Palliative Care Role in HPV Prevention
Iyengar, S. S., Kantor, K., Cyriac, S. L., Remadevi, K., Usha, V., Robinson, S., Rani, A., Rajagopal, M. R., & Broderick, A. (2021) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.06.022 · Cited by 1
Harni, V., Babić, D., Hadžavdić, S. L., & Barišić, D. (2023) · Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.11648/j.jgo.20231103.12 · Cited by 1
Dhollander, N., Jaafar, I., Almonte, M., Rezhake, R., Downham, L., Valls, J., Ramírez, A. T., Baena, A., Gaffikin, L., Blumenthal, P. D., et al. (2026) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2026.104009 · Cited by 2
Telemedicine in Cancer Control Programs in Developing Countries
Wanat, K. A., Quinley, K. E., & Kovarik, C. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1876-4_15 · Cited by 1
Masand, D. L., & Dubey, D. S. (2014) · International Journal of Medical Research and Review · doi:10.17511/ijmrr.2014.i05.08 · Cited by 1
Traveling Technology and a Device for Not Performing Abortions
(2012) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822395805-005 · Cited by 1
Immodest Witnessing, Affective Economies, and Objectivity
(2012) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822395805-003 · Cited by 1
Development of a clockwork light source to enable cervical inspection by village health workers
O’Mahony, F., Bailey, B., Koller, C., Sheridan, C., Steventon, R. D., Dhar, K. K., & Johanson, R. (2002) · BMC Women s Health · doi:10.1186/1472-6874-2-12 · Cited by 1
Cytology and Screening for Cervical Precancer
Singer, A., Monaghan, J., MRCOG, S. C. Q., & Deery, A. (2000) · doi:10.1002/9780470760093.ch5 · Cited by 1
Cervical cancer in resource-limited settings: preventable but not yet prevented
Gupta, S. K., Singh, V., Sehgal, A. K., & Sodhani, P. (2007) · Expert Review of Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1586/17474108.2.4.515 · Cited by 1
Chumworathayi, B., Srisupundi, S., Lumbiganon, P., & Limpaphayom, K. K. (2008) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200807000-00019 · Cited by 1
Eftekhar, Z., Izadi‐Mood, N., Yarandi, F., Khodamoradi, M., & Rahimi‐Moghaddam, P. (2005) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1111/j.1525-1438.2005.15313.x
A revolution in cervical screening
Blumenthal, P. D., Gaffikin, L., & McInstosh, N. (2002) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1046/j.1471-0528.2002.02805.x
Colposcopic Findings among VIA Positive Women: Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Choudhury, F. R., Uddin, A. Z., & Yusuf, M. A. (2014) · Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research · doi:10.3329/jcamr.v1i1.19559
Rai, S., Singh, R., Gupta, R., & Singh, G. (2015) · Indian Journal of Gynecologic Oncology · doi:10.1007/s40944-015-0024-2
Veena, A., Nisha, N., Leena, J., Ashok, M., & Abha, M. (2014) · Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences · doi:10.14260/jemds/2014/2989
Bharani, V., & Bharani, B. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-1705-6_4
Hari Pavithra Reddy, N., Pradeep, S., Krishna, L., Shailaja, N., & Bhat, S. (2015) · Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences · doi:10.14260/jemds/2015/1576
Kulshreshtha, S., Chouksey, R., & Garg, P. (2017) · Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences · doi:10.14260/jemds/2017/530
Knowledge and Behavior of Women on Cervical Cancer in the Northern Region of Cameroon
Kamdje, A. H. N., Kalgong, G., Kamga, P. T., Simo, R. T., Amvene, J. M., & Nangué, C. (2017) · Journal of Analytical Oncology · doi:10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.03.1
Bajaj, M., Ahmad, S., & Trivedi, S. S. (2017) · International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20175264
Kamdje, A. H. N., Kalgong, G., Simo, R. T., Amvene, J. M., & Nangué, C. (2018) · Journal of Analytical Oncology · doi:10.6000/1927-7229.2017.06.04.1
Clinicopathological Pattern of Cervical Papanicolaou (PAP) Smears: A hospital based experience
Shrestha, S., Suwal, R., & Gupta, S. N. (2018) · Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science · doi:10.3126/jmcjms.v5i2.19014
Nisha, N., Monika, J., Saptrishi, C., & Abha, M. (2018) · Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences · doi:10.14260/jemds/2018/173
Analysis of The Results of Cervical Cancer Screening Campaigns at Owendo’s CHU Maternity Hospital
Olé, B. S. (2019) · World Journal of Gynecology & Womens Health · doi:10.33552/wjgwh.2019.02.000543
Reitmaier, P., Razum, O., Falkenhorst, G., & Görgen, R. (2001) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-56648-6_5
(2008) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-3405-6.10005-8
(2012) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822395805-001 · Cited by 1
Pap Smears, Cervical Cancer, and Scales
(2012) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822395805-004
(2012) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822395805-002
(2012) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822395805-008
(2012) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822395805-006
Community Intervention For Cancer Control & Prevention: Lessons Learnt
Ka, D., Shastri, S., & Patil, S. C. (2004) · Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1733067
Assessment of the Cervix After Acetic Acid Wash
Sellors, J. W., Jerónimo, J., Sankaranarayanan, R., Wright, T. C., Howard, M., & Blumenthal, P. D. (2002) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/00006250-200204000-00024
Suba, E. J. (2006) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2006.102962
Eftekhar, Z., Izadi‐Mood, N., Yarandi, F., Khodamoradi, M., & Rahimi‐Moghaddam, P. (2005) · International Journal of Gynecological Cancer · doi:10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200505000-00012
(2012) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1215/9780822395805-007
Vedantham, H., Silver, M. I., Kalpana, B., Rekha, C., Karuna, B. P., Vidyadhari, K., Mrudula, S., Ronnett, B. M., Vijayaraghavan, K., Ramakrishna, G., et al. (2023) · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.c.6515052
Vedantham, H., Silver, M. I., Kalpana, B., Rekha, C., Karuna, B. P., Vidyadhari, K., Mrudula, S., Ronnett, B. M., Vijayaraghavan, K., Ramakrishna, G., et al. (2023) · doi:10.1158/1055-9965.c.6515052.v1
Kuerten, B. M., Kanzler, S. A., & Fedrizzi, E. N. (2023) · Jornal Brasileiro de Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis · doi:10.5327/dst-2177-8264-2023351307
Evaluation of Visual Inspection of Cervix with Acetic Acid in Detecting Precancerous Lesions
Begum, A., Rahman, M. M., Akhter, S., Afroz, S., & Begum, A. (2023) · Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences · doi:10.36347/sjams.2023.v11i10.002
Bhalang, K., & Danuthai, K. (2023) · Frontiers in Oral Health · doi:10.3389/froh.2023.1239961
Sachan, S. K. R. (2023) · International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) · doi:10.21275/sr23618105906
Diakité, F., Diallo, A., Bah, I. K., Leno, D., Traoré, M., Baldé, M., & Kaba, M. L. (2025) · Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.11648/j.jgo.20251303.12
Temporal-Aware Multi-Image Vision Transformer for Cervical Cancer Screening via Cervicography
Hong, S.-K., Kang, J. A., & Park, S. Y. (2025) · IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics-Asia (ICCE-Asia) · doi:10.1109/icce-asia67487.2025.11263670
Cervical Cancer Screening in Developing Countries—Reply
Goldie, S. J., Kuhn, L., Denny, L., Pollack, A. E., & Wright, T. C. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.24.3079-a
High-risk human papillomavirus genotypes among women of hill districts in Bangladesh
Nessa, A., Ferdouse, J., Khatoon, F., Sonia, A. A., Islam, M. F., & Lipi, L. B. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0338092 · Cited by 1
Screening for Cervical Cancer in Low-Resource Countries
Elit, L. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1876-4_6
Carter, W. J., Farouk, A. S., & Chen, L. (2023) · Journal of Current Research in Oral Surgery · doi:10.51847/cwfmtu2ucr
Salryanto, H. S. F. M., Putra, H. F. T. S., & Barri, M. H. (2025) · International Conference on Converging Technology in Electrical and Information Engineering (ICCTEIE) · doi:10.1109/iccteie66144.2025.11341799
Frugal AI is the missing piece in cervical cancer screening
Kabukye, J. K., Koot, J. A. R., Beltman, J. J., Nakatumba-Nabende, J., Katumba, A., Prasad, K., & Wamala-Larsson, C. (2026) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-026-04568-3
Metadata
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-03
- Volume
- 353
- Issue
- 9156
- Pages
- 869-873
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W4236970230
- Cited by
- 277
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 10.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Women's cancer prevention and management
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Reproductive tract infections research
- Keywords
- visual inspection with acetic acid, cervical cancer screening, cervical cytology, Pap smear, sensitivity and specificity, false positives, colposcopy, cervical precancerous lesions, primary care, resource-limited settings, Zimbabwe
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review