Notes on placentation in the Suina
Abstract
We examined the gross and microscopic anatomy of placental tissues and umbilical cords from six species representing the three living families of the Suina. These species included, of the Suidae, the wart hog (Phacochoerus aethiopicus), the giant forest hog (Hylochoerus meinertzhageni), the domestic pig (Sus scrofa), and the banded pig of Malaysia (Sus scrofa vittatus); of the Tayassuidae, the white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari); of the Hippopotamidae, the hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) and the pigmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis). All these species have a diffuse epitheliochorial placenta. The chorion is folded, and has on its surface rows of shallow ripples or villi, interrupted by round, oval or irregularly shaped areolae. Placental capillaries indent the epithelial layer covering the tops and sides of the interareolar villi, but not the columnar cell layer lying in the troughs between these villi or covering the areolae. Cuboidal cells cover the crests of the villi in the Suidae and Hippopotamidae, whereas in the Tayassuidae the epithelium is syncytial in appearance. The similarities in placental structure between the six species are more apparent than the differences. Suidae and Tayassuidae have smooth umbilical cords containing two arteries and one vein; those of the Hippopotamidae are pustule-encrusted and contain two arteries and two veins.
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The interareolar villi have prominent interdigitation between the fetal capillaries and maternal trophoblast, a feature thought to enhance gas exchange across the placenta.
“The latter have prominent interdigitation between the fetal capillaries and maternal trophoblast, a feature thought to enhance gas exchange across the placenta (Macdonald and Bosma 1985;Macdonald 2007).”
From Choeropsis liberiensis (Artiodactyla: Hippopotamidae) (2019) · cites this paper as Macdonald and Bosma 1985
C. liberiensis has diffuse epitheliochorial placentation and an umbilical cord with two arteries and two veins; however, a few specimens of C. liberiensis have only three umbilical vessels, two arteries and one vein.
“Choeropsis liberiensis has diffuse epitheliochorial placentation and an umbilical cord with two arteries and two veins (Macdonald and Bosma 1985); however, a few specimens of C. liberiensis have only three umbilical vessels, two arteries and one vein (Benirschke 2007).”
From Choeropsis liberiensis (Artiodactyla: Hippopotamidae) (2019) · cites this paper as Macdonald and Bosma 1985
The multifocal areas of squamous metaplasia on both umbilical cord and amniotic membranes are unique to the hippopotamids and appear strikingly pustular.
“The multifocal areas of squamous metaplasia on both umbilical cord and amniotic membranes are unique to the hippopotamids and appear strikingly “pustular” (Macdonald and Bosma 1985;Benirschke 2007).”
From Choeropsis liberiensis (Artiodactyla: Hippopotamidae) (2019) · cites this paper as Macdonald and Bosma 1985
The chorion of C. liberiensis is folded and its surface is covered with villi interspersed with rounded or irregularly shaped areolae; the villi are lined with columnar epithelium.
“The chorion is folded and its surface is covered with villi interspersed with rounded or irregularly shaped areolae; the villi are lined with columnar epithelium (Macdonald and Bosma 1985).”
From Choeropsis liberiensis (Artiodactyla: Hippopotamidae) (2019) · cites this paper as Macdonald and Bosma 1985
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Flacke, G. L., Chambers, B. K., Martin, G. B., & Paris, M. C. J. (2015) · Der Zoologische Garten · doi:10.1016/j.zoolgart.2015.07.006 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Choeropsis liberiensis (Artiodactyla: Hippopotamidae)
Flacke, G. L., & Decher, J. (2019) · Mammalian Species · doi:10.1093/mspecies/sez017 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Anatomy and histology of the stomach in a newborn pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis)
Endo, H., Sasaki, M., Kogiku, H., Hayashi, Y., Komiya, T., Narushima, E., Arishima, K., & Yamamoto, M. (2001) · Mammal Study · doi:10.3106/mammalstudy.26.53 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Macdonald, A. A., & Bosma, A. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Edinburgh (GB)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Venue
- Placenta
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1985-01
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 83-91
- ISSN
- 0143-4004 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2083846408
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Placenta (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Comparative Animal Anatomy Studies
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Keywords
- placental anatomy, epitheliochorial placenta, chorion, placental villi, areolae, umbilical cord, Suidae, peccaries, hippopotamus, domestic pigs, white-lipped peccary
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chorionic Villi, Female, Placenta, Pregnancy, Pregnancy, Animal, Swine, Umbilical Cord
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