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Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for men, and comparison of item endorsement with their partners
Abstract
Background The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) has been validated and used extensively in screening for depression in new mothers, both in English speaking and non-English speaking communities. While some studies have reported the use of the EPDS with fathers, none have validated it for this group, and thus the appropriate cut-off score for screening for depression or anxiety caseness for this population is not known.Methods Couples were recruited antenatally and interviewed at six weeks postpartum. EPDS scores and distress caseness (depression or anxiety disorders) for 208 fathers and 230 mothers were determined using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule.Results Analyses of the EPDS for fathers using distress caseness (depression or anxiety disorders) as the criterion shows that a cut-off of 5/6 has optimum receiver operating characteristics. Furthermore acceptable reliability (split-half and internal consistency) and validity (concurrent) coefficients were obtained. For mothers the optimum cut-off screening value to detect distress caseness was 7/8. Item analysis revealed that fathers endorsed seven of the ten items at lower rates to mothers, with the most significant being that referring to crying.Conclusions The EPDS is a reliable and valid measure of mood in fathers. Screening for depression or anxiety disorders in fathers requires a two point lower cut-off than screening for depression or anxiety in mothers, and we recommend this cut-off to be 5/6.
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“The EPDS has been validated for men demonstrating acceptable validity and high internal consistency values [36].”
From Fathers at risk: Effects of threatened and actual preterm birth on the course of paternal peripartum depression and anxiety (2026) · cites this paper as [36]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Matthey, S., Barnett, B., Kavanagh, D. J., & Howie, P.
- Affiliations
- Sydney South West Area Health Service (AU)
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Matthey, Stephen
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-05
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 2-3
- Pages
- 175-184
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2010925715
- Cited by
- 516
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 5.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, paternal depression, postpartum depression screening, fathers, mothers, cut-off values, screening validity, screening reliability, couples, crying
- MeSH terms
- Culture, Depressive Disorder, Fathers, Female, Humans, Male, Mothers, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sensitivity and Specificity, Severity of Illness Index, Reproducibility of Results, Depression, Postpartum
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