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Short-term cotherapy with clonazepam and fluoxetine: anxiety, sleep disturbance and core symptoms of depression
Abstract
Background SSRIs resolve depression slowly and may increase anxiety or insomnia. Adding clonazepam to fluoxetine sped response, raising the question of mechanism of action: reducing symptoms co-existing with depression, suppressing side-effects, and/or alleviating core depressive symptoms. Method Adult outpatients randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with fluoxetine 20 mg+placebo or fluoxetine+clonazepam 0.5-1.0 mg were assessed by a HAM-D anxiety cluster, sleep disturbance cluster, and core symptoms cluster. Results No serious AEs were noted; no cotherapy patients dropped for AEs. Cotherapy proved superior (HAM-D total, anxiety cluster, sleep disturbance cluster ANOVA P 0.20). Limitations Extended treatment and refractory depression were not addressed. Conclusions Low-dose cotherapy of fluoxetine with clonazepam was safe and accelerated response over 21 days of treatment, decreasing anxiety and sleep disturbance as symptoms and partially suppressed them as SSRI side-effects; it also modestly reduced core symptoms of low mood and loss of interest.
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In depressed outpatients, significantly more patients showed improvements in sleep disturbance with fluoxetine plus clonazepam than with fluoxetine plus placebo.
“Significantly more patients showed improvements in sleep disturbance in the cotherapy group than with placebo, although sedation was reported more often with cotherapy than with placebo.”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Londborg et al., 2000
Sedation was reported more often with fluoxetine plus clonazepam than with fluoxetine plus placebo.
“Significantly more patients showed improvements in sleep disturbance in the cotherapy group than with placebo, although sedation was reported more often with cotherapy than with placebo.”
From Antidepressants and their effect on sleep (2005) · cites this paper as Londborg et al., 2000
Citations
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Fava, M., McCall, W. V., Krystal, A., Wessel, T., Rubens, R., Caron, J., Amato, D., & Roth, T. (2006) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.01.016 · Cited by 480
Six-Year Outcome of Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Prevention of Recurrent Depression
Fava, G. A., Ruini, C., Rafanelli, C., Finos, L., Conti, S., & Grandi, S. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.161.10.1872 · Cited by 392
Antidepressants and their effect on sleep
Mayers, A. G., & Baldwin, D. S. (2005) · Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.726 · Cited by 323
Reliability and validity of the DSM-5 anxious distress specifier interview
Zimmerman, M., Clark, H., McGonigal, P., Harris, L., Holst, C. G., & Martin, J. (2017) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.02.010 · Cited by 45
Metadata
- Authors
- Londborg, P. D., Smith, W. T., Glaudin, V., & Painter, J. R.
- Affiliations
- Summit Research Network (US)
- Corresponding author
- Painter, John R
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-12
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 73-79
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2046970666
- Cited by
- 100
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 3.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Disorders
- Keywords
- clonazepam, fluoxetine, co-therapy, depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, insomnia, SSRI side effects, depressive mood, loss of interest, sedation, xerostomia, antidepressant combination therapy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Anxiety, Clonazepam, Major Depressive Disorder, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Fluoxetine, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sleep Wake Disorders, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, GABA Modulators
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