Sound analysis in auditory cortex
Abstract
Not so long ago, the auditory cortex took a back seat to the visual system in neuroscience research. With some notable exceptions outside the primate order, such as the classic work on echo-locating bats, owls and birdsong, the auditory cortex has been overlooked: only a few investigators were involved in understanding the structure and function of the monkey auditory cortex, and even fewer had the means to study its human counterpart. This situation has undergone a dramatic change in the past decade or so. Spurred on by advances in primate neurophysiology and neuroanatomy, and especially by developments in functional neuroimaging, substantial progress is now being made into understanding how the human auditory cortical system works.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Functional neuroimaging helps to study how the auditory cortex dynamically reshapes acoustic input into perceptual representations that guide decisions.
“Functional neuroimaging helps to study how the auditory cortex dynamically reshapes acoustic input into perceptual representations that guide decisions (Gutschalk and Dykstra 2014; Kothari et al. 2018; Zatorre 2003).”
From Listening forward: emerging roles of bioacoustics in ecology, evolution, and conservation (2026) · cites this paper as Zatorre 2003
Cites
Structure and function of auditory cortex: music and speech
Zatorre, R. J., Belin, P., & Penhune, V. B. (2002) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(00)01816-7 · Cited by 1,582 · see citing works
Self-citationSpectral and Temporal Processing in Human Auditory Cortex
Zatorre, R. J. (2001) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/11.10.946 · Cited by 1,279 · see citing works
Self-citationDual streams of auditory afferents target multiple domains in the primate prefrontal cortex
Romanski, L. M., Tian, B., Fritz, J. B., Mishkin, M., Goldman, P. S., & Rauschecker, J. P. (1999) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/16056 · Cited by 1,136 · see citing works
Functional Specialization in Rhesus Monkey Auditory Cortex
Tian, B., Reser, D. H., Durham, A., Kustov, A. �., & Rauschecker, J. P. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1058911 · Cited by 728 · see citing works
The Processing of Temporal Pitch and Melody Information in Auditory Cortex
Patterson, R. D., Uppenkamp, S., Johnsrude, I. S., & Griffiths, T. D. (2002) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(02)01060-7 · Cited by 721 · see citing works
Cortical processing of complex sounds
Rauschecker, J. P. (1998) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(98)80040-8 · Cited by 527 · see citing works
Temporal and rate representations of time-varying signals in the auditory cortex of awake primates
Lu, T., Li, L., & Wang, X. (2001) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn737 · Cited by 465 · see citing works
Auditory processing in primate cerebral cortex
Kaas, J. H., Hackett, T. A., & Tramo, M. J. (1999) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0959-4388(99)80022-1 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Representation of the temporal envelope of sounds in the human brain
Giraud, A.-L., Lorenzi, C., Ashburner, J., Wable, J., Johnsrude, I., Frackowiak, R., & Kleinschmidt, A. (2000) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.3.1588 · Cited by 353 · see citing works
Spatiotemporal Pattern of Neural Processing in the Human Auditory Cortex
Seifritz, E., Esposito, F., Hennel, F., Mustovic, H., Neuhoff, J. G., Bilecen, D., Tedeschi, G., Scheffler, K., & Salle, F. D. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1074355 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Roß, B., Picton, T. W., & Pantev, C. (2002) · Hearing Research · doi:10.1016/s0378-5955(02)00285-x · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Recanzone, G. H., Guard, D. C., Phan, M. L., & Su, T.-I. K. (2000) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.2723 · Cited by 190 · see citing works
Coding of Sound-Source Location by Ensembles of Cortical Neurons
Furukawa, S., Xu, L., & Middlebrooks, J. C. (2000) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-03-01216.2000 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
What is right-hemisphere contribution to phonological, lexico-semantic, and sentence processing?
Vigneau, M., Beaucousin, V., Hervé, P.-Y., Jobard, G., Petit, L., Crivello, F., Mellet, E., Zago, L., Mazoyer, B., & Tzourio-Mazoyer, N. (2011) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.07.036 · Cited by 464 · see citing works
Dynamic auditory processing, musical experience and language development
Tallal, P. A., & Gaab, N. (2006) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2006.06.003 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Asymmetries of the human social brain in the visual, auditory and chemical modalities
Brancucci, A., Lucci, G., Mazzatenta, A., & Tommasi, L. (2008) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0279 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Identifying Cortical Lateralization of Speech Processing in Infants Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Bortfeld, H., Fava, E., & Boas, D. A. (2009) · Developmental Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/87565640802564481 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
FITCH, R. H., & Tallal, P. A. (2003) · Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Reviews · doi:10.1177/1534582303258736 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Rapid encoding of musical tones discovered in whole-brain connectivity
Bonetti, L., Brattico, E., Carlomagno, F., Donati, G., Cabral, J., Haumann, N. T., Deco, G., Vuust, P., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2021) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118735 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Left hemisphere specialization for duration discrimination of musical and speech sounds
Brancucci, A., D’Anselmo, A., Martello, F., & Tommasi, L. (2008) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.01.019 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
FMRI of the auditory system: understanding the neural basis of auditory gestalt
Salle, F. D., Esposito, F., Scarabino, T., Formisano, E., Marciano, E., Saulino, C., Cirillo, S., Elefante, R., Scheffler, K., & Seifritz, E. (2003) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/j.mri.2003.08.023 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Spatiotemporal brain hierarchies of auditory memory recognition and predictive coding
Bonetti, L., Fernández‐Rubio, G., Carlomagno, F., Dietz, M. J., Pantazis, D., Vuust, P., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-48302-4 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Functional imaging of the central auditory system using PET
Ruytjens, L., Willemsen, A. T. M., van Dijk, P., Wit, H. P., & Albers, F. W. J. (2006) · Acta Oto-Laryngologica · doi:10.1080/00016480600801373 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Lehmann, C. U., Herdener, M., Schneider, P. T., Federspiel, A., Bach, D. R., Esposito, F., Salle, F. D., Scheffler, K., Kretz, R., Dierks, T., et al. (2006) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.11.011 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Todd, J., Finch, B., Ellen, S., Budd, T. W., & Schall, U. (2010) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.10.029 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Yoncheva, Y. N., Maurer, U., Zevin, J. D., & McCandliss, B. D. (2014) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.04.006 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Auditory intelligence: Theoretical considerations and empirical findings
Conzelmann, K., & Süß, H. (2015) · Learning and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2015.03.029 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Bourke, J. D., & Todd, J. (2021) · Laterality Asymmetries of Body Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1080/1357650x.2021.1898415 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Response: Sound analysis in auditory cortex – from temporal decomposition to perception
Seifritz, E., Esposito, F., Neuhoff, J. G., & Salle, F. D. (2003) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(03)00075-4 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Shared and modality-specific brain networks underlying predictive coding of temporal sequencesPreprint
Bonetti, L., Fernández‐Rubio, G., Rosso, M., Carlomagno, F., Malvaso, A., Greco, A., Kringelbach, M. L., & Vuust, P. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.07.16.665207 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Tallal, P. A., & FITCH, R. H. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-23181-1_36 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Auditory Cortex Role in Human Directional Hearing
Grube, M., von Cramon, D. Y., & Rübsamen, R. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-23181-1_29 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Rapid encoding of temporal sequences discovered in brain dynamicsPreprint
Bonetti, L., Brattico, E., Carlomagno, F., Donati, G., Cabral, J., Haumann, N. T., Deco, G., Vuust, P., & Kringelbach, M. L. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.12.11.421669 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Functional dissection of auditory cortex with magnetic resonance imaging
Salle, F. D., Cantone, E., Auletta, G., & Marciano, E. (2010) · Hearing Balance and Communication · doi:10.3109/1651386x.2010.488896 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Listening forward: emerging roles of bioacoustics in ecology, evolution, and conservation
Zsebők, S. (2026) · Biologia Futura · doi:10.1007/s42977-026-00322-5
“Functional neuroimaging helps to study how the auditory cortex dynamically reshapes acoustic input into perceptual representations that guide decisions (Gutschalk and Dykstra 2014; Kothari et al. 2018; Zatorre 2003).”
Semenova, V. V., Петропавловская, Е. А., Shestopalova, L. B., & Vaitulevich, S. F. (2021) · Human Physiology · doi:10.1134/s036211972105011x
Jäncke, L. (2009) · Laterality Asymmetries of Body Brain and Cognition · doi:10.1080/13576500902724216
Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Amusia (MBEA): badania pilotażowe w warunkach polskich
Swebodziński, B., & Łukaszewski, M. T. (2026) · Psychologia Rozwojowa · doi:10.4467/20843879pr.25.004.23617
- Authors
- Zatorre, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Zatorre, Robert J.
- ORCID
- Zatorre, Robert J.
- Venue
- Trends in Neurosciences
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-05
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 229-230
- ISSN
- 0166-2236 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2037655536
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Trends in Neurosciences (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Music Perception
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Keywords
- auditory cortex, acoustic analysis, human auditory system, functional neuroimaging, auditory neurophysiology
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Auditory Cortex, Brain Mapping, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Sound, Sound Localization, Magnetoencephalography
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review