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Expression of cytokines and cytokine receptors in the rat brain after kainic acid-induced seizures
Abstract
We have previously shown that IL-6 protein levels are increased in cerebrospinal fluid in humans after recent tonic-clonic seizures with unchanged levels of IL-1beta and TNFalpha. Here we studied the expression of cytokines IL-6, LIF, IL-1beta and TNFalpha and cytokine receptors IL-6R, LIFR and Gp130 in the rat brain after kainic acid-induced status epilepticus using Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization histochemistry. After seizures, IL-6 mRNA was induced in the hippocampus, cortex, amygdala and meninges, and IL-6R was up-regulated in the hippocampus. LIF was up-regulated in the hippocampus, cortex and meninges after seizures, and LIFR mRNA was induced in the hippocampus and cortex. Gp130 was constitutively expressed in the brain. After seizures, Gp130 transcription was rapidly induced in the meninges. In thalamus, cortex, amygdala and hippocampus Gp130 mRNA was induced in a delayed fashion. IL-1beta transcription was induced in the temporal lobe cortex and thalamus, and TNFalpha in the hippocampus. In general, the cytokine and their receptor mRNA levels were low in intact rat brain, but were induced by seizures. Since IL-6 and LIF transcripts were induced in the meninges after seizures, the protein products of these transcripts may be more readily released in cerebrospinal fluid after seizures. In addition, the activity of IL-6 and LIF signaling pathways may be influenced by increased expression of their receptors after seizures.
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“Studies in animal models have reported that seizures are associated with increased activation of microglia, especially of the M1 subtype [189], and an increased release of pro-inflammatory mediators [190, 191].”
From Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Brain Disorders: Focus on Neuroinflammation (2019) · cites this paper as [190]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lehtimäki, K. A., Peltola, J., Koskikallio, E., Keränen, T., & Honkaniemi, J.
- Affiliations
- Tampere University Hospital (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Honkaniemi, J
- Venue
- Molecular Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-02
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 253-260
- ISSN
- 0169-328X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1995444099
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Molecular Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Epilepsy research and treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- cytokines, cytokine receptors, kainic acid-induced seizures, status epilepticus, interleukin-6, leukemia inhibitory factor, IL-6 receptor, LIF receptor, gp130, IL-1β, TNF-α, hippocampus, meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, neuroinflammation, rat brain
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Brain, Epilepsy, Gene Expression Regulation, Growth Inhibitors, Interleukin-1, Lymphokines, Male, Neurons, RNA, Messenger, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, Cytokines, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptors, Cytokine, Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules, Receptors, Interleukin-6, Rats, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, Receptors, OSM-LIF, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor alpha Subunit, Contactins
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