The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
When is a trophic cascade a trophic cascade?
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Community structure, population control, and competition.
Hairston, N. G., Smith, F. E., & Slobodkin, L. B. (1960) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/282146 · Cited by 3,492
Gauze, G. F. (1934) · doi:10.5962/bhl.title.4489 · Cited by 3,285
Predation, apparent competition, and the structure of prey communities
Holt, R. D. (1977) · Theoretical Population Biology · doi:10.1016/0040-5809(77)90042-9 · Cited by 2,535
Polis, G. A., Anderson, W. B., & Holt, R. D. (1997) · Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.28.1.289 · Cited by 2,362
Self-citationFood Web Complexity and Community Dynamics
Polis, G. A., & Strong, D. R. (1996) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/285880 · Cited by 2,109
Self-citationFood Webs: Linkage, Interaction Strength and Community Infrastructure
Paine, R. T. (1980) · The Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.2307/4220 · Cited by 1,824
Exploitation Ecosystems in Gradients of Primary Productivity
Oksanen, L., Fretwell, S. D., Arruda, J., & Niemela, P. (1981) · The American Naturalist · doi:10.1086/283817 · Cited by 1,767
Weak trophic interactions and the balance of nature.
McCann, K., Hastings, A., & Huxel, G. R. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/27427 · Cited by 1,657
Self-citationTrophic cascades revealed in diverse ecosystems
Pace, M. L., Cole, J. J., Carpenter, S. R., & Kitchell, J. F. (1999) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(99)01723-1 · Cited by 1,478
Experimental studies on predation: Dispersion factors and predator-prey oscillations
Huffaker, C. B. (1958) · Hilgardia · doi:10.3733/hilg.v27n14p343 · Cited by 1,359
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Louda, 1982, Limitation of the recruitment of the shrub Haplopappus squarrosus (Asteraceae) by flower- and seed-feeding insects, J. Ecol., 70, 43, 10.2307/2259863 · doi:10.2307/2259863
- Louda, 1995, Effect of inflorescence-feeding insects on the demography and lifetime fitness of a native plant, Ecology, 76, 229, 10.2307/1940645 · doi:10.2307/1940645
- Sullivan, 1982, Population dynamics and regulation of the Douglas squirrel (Tamiasciurus douglasii) with supplemental food, Oecologia, 53, 264, 10.1007/BF00545675 · doi:10.1007/bf00545675
- Huxel, 1999, On the influence of food quality in consumer–resource interactions, Ecol. Lett., 2, 256, 10.1046/j.1461-0248.1999.00077.x · DOI
Cited by
Fire as a global ‘herbivore’: the ecology and evolution of flammable ecosystems
BOND, W., & KEELEY, J. (2005) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2005.04.025 · Cited by 2,484
Trophic Cascades in a Formerly Cod-Dominated Ecosystem
Frank, K. T., Petrie, B., Choi, J. S., & Leggett, W. C. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1113075 · Cited by 1,205
Trophic cascades: the primacy of trait‐mediated indirect interactions
Schmitz, O. J., Krivan, V., & Ovadia, O. (2004) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2003.00560.x · Cited by 1,081
A cross‐ecosystem comparison of the strength of trophic cascades
Shurin, J. B., Borer, E. T., Seabloom, E. W., Anderson, K., Blanchette, C. A., Broitman, B., Cooper, S. D., & Halpern, B. S. (2002) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1046/j.1461-0248.2002.00381.x · Cited by 973
Cascading top-down effects of changing oceanic predator abundances
Baum, J. K., & Worm, B. (2009) · Journal of Animal Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2656.2009.01531.x · Cited by 932
Metadata
- Authors
- Polis, G. A., Sears, A. L. W., Huxel, G. R., Strong, D. R., & Maron, J.
- Venue
- Trends in Ecology & Evolution
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-11
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 473-475
- ISSN
- 0169-5347 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2118128757
- Cited by
- 532
- References
- 41
- FWCI
- 2.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: When is a trophic cascade a trophic cascade? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1016/s0169-5347(00)01971-6
- The paper
- Polis, G. A., Sears, A. L. W., Huxel, G. R., Strong, D. R., & Maron, J. (2000). When is a trophic cascade a trophic cascade? Trends in Ecology & Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(00)01971-6
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.