Exploring the anchor-point hypothesis of spatial cognition
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Landmarks are important for spatial learning because they serve as anchors and reference points that help wayfinders orient themselves, navigate beyond immediate surroundings, and structure mental representation of space.
“It is already well-established that landmarks are important for spatial learning because they serve as anchors and reference points that help wayfinders easily orient themselves in the surrounding environment, navigate to a destination beyond their immediate surroundings, and structure their mental representation of space (Couclelis et al., 1987; Golledge, 1999; Montello, 2005).”
From The influence of landmark visualization style on task performance, visual attention, and spatial learning in a real-world navigation task (2024) · cites this paper as Couclelis et al., 1987
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References 39 · Cited by 401
- Authors
- Couclelis, H., Golledge, R. G., Gale, N., & Tobler, W.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- ORCID
- Tobler, W.
- Venue
- Journal of Environmental Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1987-06
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 99-122
- ISSN
- 0272-4944 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2039039191
- Cited by
- 401
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 6.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Environmental Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Place Attachment and Urban Studies
- Keywords
- spatial cognition, cognitive maps, cognitive space, salient cues, regionalization, hierarchy, cognitive configuration
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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