Normal Age-Related Changes in Thyroid Hormone Economy
Abstract
Aging is associated with significant changes in the anatomy of the thyroid gland and in the physiology of hypothalamic-pituitary-hormone thyroid axis. In addition, tissue responsiveness to thyroid hormone may also be altered with age. However, age alone should not influence the interpretation of commonly obtained thyroid function tests. The reduced thyroid hormone clearance with age explains the reduced daily replacement doses of thryoxine in hypothyroid elderly subjects.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
As levothyroxine requirements decrease with age, iatrogenic hyperthyroidism is more common in older people.
“As levothyroxine requirements decrease with age, iatrogenic hyperthyroidism is more common in older people.3 5”
From Levothyroxine dose and risk of fractures in older adults: nested case-control study (2011) · cites this paper as [3]
Cites
THE SPECTRUM OF THYROID DISEASE IN A COMMUNITY: THE WHICKHAM SURVEY
Tunbridge, W. M. G., Evered, D. C., Hall, R., Appleton, D. R., BREWIS, M., CLARK, F., Evans, J. G., Young, E. T., Bird, T., & Smith, P. (1977) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1977.tb01340.x · Cited by 2,665 · see citing works
Elevation of serum angiotension-converting-enzyme (ACE) level in sarcoidosis
Lieberman, J. (1975) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(75)90395-2 · Cited by 872 · see citing works
L-Thyroxine Therapy in Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
COOPER, D. S., HALPERN, R., WOOD, L. C., LEVIN, A. A., & RIDGWAY, E. C. (1984) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-101-1-18 · Cited by 423 · see citing works
BERMUDEZ, F., Surks, M. I., & Oppenheimer, J. H. (1975) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-41-1-27 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Hegedűs, L. D., Perrild, H., Poulsen, L. R., Andersen, J. R., Holm, B., Schnohr, P., Jensen, G. B., & Hansen, J. M. (1983) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-56-2-260 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Complex alteration of thyroid function in healthy centenarians.
Mariotti, S., Barbesino, G., Caturegli, P., Bartalena, L., Sansoni, P., Fagnoni, F., Monti, D., Fagiolo, U., Franceschi, C., & Pinchera, A. (1993) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.77.5.8077303 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Textbook of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology
Black, R. L. (1979) · Military Medicine · doi:10.1093/milmed/144.10.690 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
HYPERTHYROIDISM IN PATIENTS OVER THE AGE OF 60 YEARS: CLINICAL FEATURES IN 85 PATIENTS
DAVIS, P. J., & DAVIS, F. B. (1974) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/00005792-197405000-00001 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
THYROXINE TURNOVER IN EUTHYROID MAN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHANGES WITH AGE
Gregerman, R. I., Gaffney, G. W., & Shock, N. W. (1962) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci104664 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Levothyroxine Replacement Dose for Primary Hypothyroidism Decreases with Age
ROSENBAUM, R. L., & BARZEL, U. S. (1982) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-96-1-53 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Burmeister, L. A., Goumaz, M., Mariash, C. N., & Oppenheimer, J. H. (1992) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.75.2.1639933 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Sawin, C. T., Herman, T., Molitch, M. E., London, M. H., & Kramer, S. M. (1983) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(83)91192-0 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Ridgway, E. C., Cooper, D. S., Walker, H. J., Rodbard, D., & Maloof, F. (1981) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-53-6-1238 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Decreased Basal and Stimulated Thyrotropin Secretion in Healthy Elderly Men*
Coevorden, A. V., Laurent, É., Decoster, C. G., Kerkhofs, M., Neve, P., Cauter, E. V., & Mockel, J. (1989) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-69-1-177 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
OLSEN, T., Laurberg, P., & Weeke, J. (1978) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-47-5-1111 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Thyrotropin Response to Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone in Normal Females over Forty
Snyder, P. J., & Utiger, R. D. (1972) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-34-6-1096 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
A Radioimmunoassay for 3,3′,5′-Triiodo-L-Thyronine in Unextracted Serum: Method and Clinical Results
NICOD, P. H., Burger, A., Staeheli, V., & Vallotton, M. B. (1976) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-42-5-823 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Gregerman, R. I., & Crowder, S. E. (1963) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-72-3-382 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Principles and practice of endocrinology and metabolism
Najjar, S. S. (1991) · Journal of Epilepsy · doi:10.1016/0896-6974(91)90086-x · Cited by 97 · see citing works
HARMAN, S. M., WEHMANN, R. E., & BLACKMAN, M. R. (1984) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-58-2-320 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Effron, M. B., Bhatnagar, G. M., Spurgeon, H. A., Ruaño-Arroyo, G., & Lakatta, E. G. (1987) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.60.2.238 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Thyrotoxicosis in the very old
Tibaldi, J. M., Barzel, U. S., Albin, J., & Surks, M. (1986) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(86)90547-4 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Maciel, L. M. Z., Polikar, R., Rohrer, D. K., Popovich, B. K., & DILLMANN, W. H. (1990) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.67.1.230 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Thyroid hormones in the elderly sick: "T4 euthyroidism".
Burrows, A. W., SHAKESPEAR, R. A., Hesch, R. D., Cooper, E., AICKIN, C. M., & Burke, C. W. (1975) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5994.437 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Lean Body Mass is a Predictor of the Daily Requirement for Thyroid Hormone in Older Men and Women
CUNNINGHAM, J. J., & BARZEL, U. S. (1984) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.1984.tb02003.x · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Observations concerning the binding of thyroid hormones in sera of normal subjects of varying ages.
Braverman, L. W., Dawber, N. A., & Ingbar, S. H. (1966) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci105434 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein Levels in Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Arem, R. (1990) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1990.00390210077017 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Thyroid function and thyroid hormone metabolism in elderly people low T3-syndrome in old age?
Herrmann, J., Heinen, E., Kr�ll, H. J., Rudorff, K. H., & Kr�skemper, H. L. (1981) · Journal of Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1007/bf01525000 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Lipid and lipoprotein pattern in thyroid dysfunction and the effect of therapy
Aviram, M., Luboshitzky, R., & Brook, J. G. (1982) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0009-9120(82)90529-x · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Davis, F. B. (1984) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.1984.00350210064009 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
AGE DEPENDENT CHANGES IN IODINE METABOLISM AND THYROID FUNCTION
Hansen, J. M., Skovsted, L., & Siersbæk‐Nielsen, K. (1975) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/acta.0.0790060 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
HISHIKAWA, M., INADA, M., NAITO, K., ISHII, H., TANAKA, K., MASHIO, Y., & IMURA, H. (1981) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-52-3-517 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Rehabilitation of the Aging and Elderly Patient
Blumenthal, F. (1995) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00002060-199505000-00018 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Westgren, U., Burger, A., Ingemansson, S., Melander, A., Tibblin, S., & Wåhlin, E. (1976) · Acta Medica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1976.tb08271.x · Cited by 55 · see citing works
24-Hour Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Secretory Pattern in Elderly Men
BARRECA, T., Franceschini, R., Messina, V., Bottaro, L. C., & Rolandi, E. (2009) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000212690 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
TBG-Dependency of Age Related Variations of Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine
Hesch, R. D., Gatz, J., Jüppner, H., & Stubbe, P. (1977) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/s-0028-1093563 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Gaffney, G. W., Gregerman, R. I., Shock, N. W., Crowder, S. E., & Flath, R. (1962) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-22-8-784 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Ordene, K. W., Pan, C., Barzel, U. S., & Surks, M. I. (1983) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(83)90201-9 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Interaction of Age and Thyroid Hormone Status on Na+–K+ATPase in Rat Renal Cortex and Liver*
Gambert, S. R., Ingbar, S. H., & Hagen, T. C. (1981) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-108-1-27 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
A Clinico-Pathological Survey of Thyroid Glands in Old Age
Denham, M. J., & Wills, E. J. (2009) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000212409 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Erfurth, E. M., Nordén, N. E., Hedner, P., Nilsson, A. C., & Ek, L. (1984) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/30.2.196 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Thyroid Function of the Aged as Viewed from the Pituitary-Thyroid System
Ôhara, H., Kobayashi, T., SHIRAISHI, M., & Wada, T. (1974) · Endocrinologia Japonica · doi:10.1507/endocrj1954.21.377 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Mooradian, A. D., Morley, J. E., & Korenman, S. G. (1988) · Disease-a-Month · doi:10.1016/s0011-5029(98)90024-4 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationBlood-brain transport of triiodothyronine is reduced in aged rats
Mooradian, A. D. (1990) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/0047-6374(90)90120-5 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationGeriatric Nutrition: A Comprehensive Review
(1990) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-113-10-813_3 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Thyroid Hormone Regulation of β-Adrenergic Receptor Number in Aging Rats*
Scarpace, P. J., & Abrass, I. B. (1981) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-108-4-1276 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Mooradian, A. D., Deebaj, L., & Wong, N. C. W. (1991) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1280079 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationHypothalamic Secretion of Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone Declines in Aging Rats
Pekary, A. E., Mirell, C. J., Turner, L. F., Walfish, P. G., & Hershman, J. M. (1987) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/42.4.447 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Mechanisms of Age-Related Endocrine Alterations
Mooradian, A. D. (1993) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.2165/00002512-199303010-00007 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationThyrotropin action is impaired in the thyroid gland of old rats
Reymond, F., Dénéréaz, N., & Lemarchand-Béraud, T. (1992) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/acta.0.1260055 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Morley, J. E. (1983) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.1080/00325481.1983.11697798 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Donda, A., Reymond, M. J., & Lemarchand-Béraud, T. (2008) · Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1159/000125143 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Nuclear Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine Binding in Mononuclear Cells in Dependence of Age
Kvetny, J. (1985) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/s-2007-1013441 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Davis, P. J., Davis, F. B., Blas, S. D., Schoenl, M., & Edwards, L. (1987) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-64-5-921 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Clinical Studies on the Metabolism of131I-Labeled l -Thyroxine
Inada, M., KOSHIYAMA, K., Torizuka, K., Akagi, H., & Miyake, T. (1964) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-24-8-775 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
The hepatic transcellular transport of 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine is reduced in aged rats
Mooradian, A. D. (1990) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research · doi:10.1016/0167-4889(90)90197-l · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationSundbeck, G., Edén, S., JAGENBURG, R., & Lindstedt, G. (1991) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/acta.0.1250475 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Mooradian, A. D., & Scarpace, P. J. (1993) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(93)90150-j · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationEffect of age on L-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine-induced ethane exhalation
Mooradian, A. D., Habib, M. P., Dickerson, F., & Yetskievych, T. (1994) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/jappl.1994.77.1.160 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationSome Quantitative Changes in Iodothyronine Distribution and Metabolism in Mild Obesity and Aging*
JANG, M., & DiStefano, J. J. (1985) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo-116-1-457 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Wong, N. C. W., Schwartz, H. L., Strait, K. A., & Oppenheimer, J. H. (1989) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/mend-3-4-645 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Variant forms of immunoreactive thyrotropin in aged rats
Choy, V. J., Klemme, W. R., & Timiras, P. S. (1982) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/0047-6374(82)90059-8 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Mooradian, A. D., & Lieberman, J. (1990) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/45.1.b24 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationMooradian, A. D., & Scarpace, P. J. (1989) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/s-2007-1009307 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationThe prevalence of overmedication with levothyroxine in ambulatory elderly patients
Friedman, D., Reed, R. L., & Mooradian, A. D. (1992) · AGE · doi:10.1007/bf02434907 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationDavis, F. B., Deziel, M. R., Liew, J. B. V., Davis, P. J., Bernardis, L. L., & Blas, S. D. (1991) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0026-0495(91)90009-l · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Effect of age on the 3,5,3′-tri-iodothyronine-induced increase in sugar uptake in rat thymocytes
Segal, J., & Troen, B. R. (1986) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1100511 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Bakke, J. L., Lawrence, N. L., Kenneth, K. P., Roy, S., & Needham, G. H. (1964) · American Journal of Clinical Pathology · doi:10.1093/ajcp/41.6.576 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Jacobs, D. G., Plaisier, B., Barie, P. S., Hammond, J., Holevar, M. R., Sinclair, K. E., Scalea, T. M., & Wahl, W. L. (2003) · The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care · doi:10.1097/01.ta.0000042015.54022.be · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Unique Aspects of the Elderly Surgical Population
Yang, R., Wolfson, M., & Lewis, M. C. (2011) · Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/2151458510394606 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Levothyroxine dose and risk of fractures in older adults: nested case-control study
Turner, M. R., Camacho, X., Fischer, H. D., Austin, P. C., Anderson, G. M., Rochon, P. A., & Lipscombe, L. L. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d2238 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Hodkinson, C., Simpson, E. E. A., Beattie, J. H., O’Connor, J. M., Campbell, D. J., Strain, J., & Wallace, J. M. W. (2009) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe-08-0488 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Perry, H. M. (1999) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1093/clinchem/45.8.1369 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Leader, A., Ayzenfeld, R. H., Lishner, M., Cohen, E., Segev, D., & Hermoni, D. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2474 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Levothyroxine Dose and Fracture Risk According to the Osteoporosis Status in Elderly Women
Ko, Y.-J., Kim, J. Y., Lee, J., Song, H.-J., Kim, J.-Y., Choi, N.-K., & Park, B.-J. (2014) · Journal of Preventive Medicine & Public Health · doi:10.3961/jpmph.2014.47.1.36 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Endocrine Alterations in the Aging Male
Elmlinger, M. W., Dengler, T., Weinstock, C., & Kuehnel, W. (2003) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm.2003.142 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Mahne, A., El-Haddad, G. E., Alavi, A. A., Houseni, M., Moonis, G., Mong, A., Hernandez‐Pampaloni, M., & Torigian, D. A. (2007) · Seminars in Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2006.10.003 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Banks, S. E., & Lewis, M. C. (2012) · Anesthesiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.anclin.2012.11.004 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Silvestri, E., Lombardi, A., de Lange, P., Schiavo, L., Lanni, A., Goglia, F., Visser, T. J., & Moreno, M. (2008) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00044.2008 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Evaluation of neuroendocrine status in longevity
Baranowska, B., Wolińska‐Witort, E., Bik, W., Baranowska-Bik, A., Martyńska, L., & Chmielowska, M. (2006) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.03.014 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Management of Obesity in the Elderly
Horani, M. H., & Mooradian, A. D. (2002) · Treatments in Endocrinology · doi:10.2165/00024677-200201060-00004 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationGeriatric Trauma: Special Considerations in the Anesthetic Management of the Injured Elderly Patient
Lewis, M. C., Abou-Elenin, K., & Paniagua, M. A. (2007) · Anesthesiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.atc.2006.11.002 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Nogalska, A. (2003) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/s0531-5565(02)00210-3 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Mooradian, A. D., & Albert, S. G. (1999) · Mechanisms of Ageing and Development · doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(99)00007-x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationAge-Related Resistance to Thyroid Hormone Action
Mooradian, A. D. (2019) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.1007/s40266-019-00711-7 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationAsymptomatic Hyperthyroidism in Older Adults
Mooradian, A. D. (2008) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.2165/00002512-200825050-00002 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Self-citationPituitary tumours in the elderly
Turner, H. E., & Wass, J. A. H. (1997) · Baillière s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0950-351x(97)80377-1 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Nogalska, A., & Świerczyński, J. (2003) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2003.09.013 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Influence of thyroid hormone therapy on the fracture rate — A claims data cohort study
Viniol, A., Hickstein, L., Walker, J., Donner‐Banzhoff, N., Baum, E., & Becker, A. (2016) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2016.03.002 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Carvallo, J. M. P., Oktaba, H., & Hernandez, E. R. (2018) · International Conference in Software Engineering Research and Innovation (CONISOFT) · doi:10.1109/conisoft.2018.8645949 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Silverberg, A. B., & Mooradian, A. D. (1998) · KARGER eBooks · doi:10.1159/000061419 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Self-citationPentoxifylline Explores New Horizons in Treatment of Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Azimi, A. (2016) · Biology and Medicine · doi:10.4172/0974-8369.1000293 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Skaznik-Wikiel, M. E., Traub, M., & Santoro, N. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-18907-1.00135-9 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Changes in Men as They Age: The Manopause
Korenman, S. G., Mooradian, A. D., & Hendrick, V. C. (2000) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012453790-3/50008-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationTraub, M., Peck, A. C., & Santoro, N. (2010) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-5583-9.00135-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Cooper, D. S. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-22621-4_48 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Mooradian, A. D.
- Affiliations
- Saint Louis University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mooradian, Arshag D.
- ORCID
- Mooradian, Arshag D.
- Venue
- Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1995-05
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 159-169
- ISSN
- 0749-0690 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2411275156
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinics in Geriatric Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery
- Keywords
- aging, thyroid function tests, thyroid hormone clearance, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis, thyroid gland anatomy, hypothyroidism, levothyroxine dose, elderly patients
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Humans, Thyroid Hormones
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
