Changes in lifestyle after hypertension diagnosis in Canada
Open accessAbstract
Lifestyle modification should be an important part of therapy when hypertension is first diagnosed, with or without starting antihypertensive medication. The objective of the present study was to determine the extent to which recently diagnosed hypertensive Canadians modify their lifestyles and to examine how lifestyle modification relates to antihypertensive medication use. The longitudinal National Population Health Survey in Canada was conducted between 1994 and 2002, including five interview cycles at two-year intervals. During this time, 1281 persons reported hypertension in one cycle but not in the previous cycle, and were considered to be new hypertensive patients. Information collected included body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and medication use. The main lifestyle modification associated with newly diagnosed hypertensive patients was smoking cessation, with a 18.6% relative risk reduction (RRR). A smaller change was seen in decreasing physical inactivity (RRR 6.2%). Persons not taking antihypertensive medication were not more likely to make lifestyle improvements. Paradoxically, new hypertensive patients showed increased numbers in the obese category (RRR -9.6%). Weight gain was especially marked among antihypertensive medication users and largest in female beta-blocker users (RRR -36.6%). If confirmed, this needs to be considered when prescribing to overweight people. In general, a greater effort is required to manage hypertension by lifestyle risk modification with or without antihypertensive medication.
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Despite a diagnosis of hypertension, few patients tend to modify their lifestyle or sustain adherence to lifestyle recommendations.
“Despite a diagnosis of hypertension, few patients tend to modify their lifestyle or sustain adherence to lifestyle recommendations [9,10,11].”
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Лікування артеріальної гіпертензії на сучасному етапі розвитку медичної практики
Тащук, В. К., & Khrebtii, H. I. (2022) · HYPERTENSION · doi:10.22141/2224-1485.15.1.2022.338
Ambrusz, A., ", Borbély, Z., Malét-Szabó, E., & Airport Police Directorate, B. (2024) · Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Psychologia-Paedagogia · doi:10.24193/subbpsyped.2024.1.12
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Tang, D., Goubar, A., Pantoja‐Ruiz, C., Bhalla, A., Whitney, J. C., Cai, M., Deng, W., Tang, S., Marshall, I. J., Wolfe, C. D. A., et al. (2026) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.126.27590
- Authors
- Ineke Neutel, C., & Campbell, N. R. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Calgary (CA)
- ORCID
- Campbell, Norm R.C.
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Cardiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-03
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 199-204
- ISSN
- 0828-282X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2649633
- OpenAlex
- W1986947810
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 3.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Canadian Journal of Cardiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- hypertension, lifestyle modification, newly diagnosed hypertension, antihypertensive drugs, smoking cessation, physical inactivity, obesity, weight gain, beta-blockers, alcohol consumption, body mass index, National Population Health Survey
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alcohol Drinking, Antihypertensive Agents, Canada, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Hypertension, Life Style, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Risk Factors, Smoking, Weight Gain, Health Behavior, Body Mass Index, Smoking Cessation, Risk Assessment
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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