Neural crest cell motility in valproic acid
Abstract
Neural crest cells (NCCs) exit the dorsal neural tube and migrate to sites where they form diverse tissues. Valproic acid (VPA) is an anticonvulsant drug that induces neural tube and related defects. Altered NCC migration and proliferation have been proposed as mechanisms of teratogenicity. We cultured neural tube segments from chick embryos in 0.75-3.0mM VPA. We used image analysis, proliferation assays, and fluorescence localization to investigate NCCs during VPA exposure. VPA inhibited attachment of explants and the number that produced migrating cells. VPA markedly decreased the proportion of cells migrating individually, promoting migration as epithelial sheets. VPA at 3mM decreased cellular spreading. Area and perimeter change per minute were reduced, but migration velocity was not. VPA at 2mM reduced proliferation 11% and 3mM arrested proliferation. Immunostaining of VPA-exposed explants revealed N-cadherin-positive cell boundaries within sheets, but independent NCCs did not stain. F-actin staining was reduced in independent NCCs. The data support a VPA mechanism involving interference with epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
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Animal models demonstrate that exposure to valproate impacts short- and long-term neurodevelopmental trajectories, interfering with neural migration pathways at critical points during embryonic development, and potentially contributing to neural tube defects.
“Animal models demonstrate that exposure to valproate impacts both short- and long-term neurodevelopmental trajectories, interfering with neural migration pathways at critical points during embryonic development, and potentially contributing to neural tube defects [126, 127].”
From The contribution of environmental exposure to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (2019) · cites this paper as [127]
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Zoghbi, H. Y., & Bear, M. F. (2012) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a009886 · Cited by 797 · see citing works
The contribution of environmental exposure to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder
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- Authors
- Fuller, L. C., Cornelius, S. K., Murphy, C. W., & Wiens, D. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Northern Iowa (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wiens, Darrell J
- Venue
- Reproductive Toxicology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-11
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 825-839
- ISSN
- 0890-6238 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2034890342
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Reproductive Toxicology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UNI ScholarWorks (University of Northern Iowa) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- University of Northern Iowa
- National Institutes of Health
- Directorate for Biological Sciences
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Keywords
- neural crest cells, valproic acid, teratogenicity, neural tube defects, cell migration, cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, N-cadherin, F-actin
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Anticonvulsants, Bromodeoxyuridine, Cell Division, Cell Movement, Chick Embryo, Cytoskeleton, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Drug Antagonism, Drug Combinations, Folic Acid, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Intercellular Junctions, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Neural Crest, Organ Culture Techniques, Valproic Acid, Microscopy, Video
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