Toluene abuse embryopathy: longitudinal neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal exposure to toluene in rats
Abstract
To determine the longitudinal effects of prenatal exposure to toluene in rats, dams received daily gavage doses of toluene diluted in corn oil on Days 6 through 19 of gestation, whereas control dams received corn oil. Litters were evaluated either on Gestational Day 19, Postnatal Day 10, or Postnatal Day 21; morphometric analysis of brain and measurements of brain DNA, cholesterol, and protein were made. Prenatal toluene exposure produced growth retarded fetuses with smaller brain and caudate-putamen volumes, fewer forebrain cell nuclei (DNA), and a reduction in both hindbrain cell size (protein/DNA) and myelination per cell (cholesterol/DNA). Postnatal catch-up growth occurred in the prenatally toluene-exposed pups, and by Postnatal Day 21 these differences had resolved. However, on Postnatal Day 21, a significant reduction in forebrain myelination/cell was present in the prenatally toluene-exposed pups. Therefore, whereas the effects of toluene administered prior to the time of the brain growth spurt were, for the most part, reversible, these exposures resulted in reduced forebrain myelination that may be permanent.
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VOCs affect multiple organ systems including the nervous system, with rat evidence of neurodevelopmental toxicity.
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“VOCs interact with many organ systems, including the nervous system, as demonstrated by evidence in rats of neurodevelopmental toxicity.(83) Epidemiological studies of the impacts of early-life VOC exposures are few, but have demonstrated that women occupationally exposed to multiple VOCs have children with cognitive…”
- Authors
- Gospe, S. M., & Zhou, S. S.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Davis (US)
- ORCID
- Zhou, Shan Shan
- Venue
- Reproductive Toxicology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 119-126
- ISSN
- 0890-6238 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2058237782
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 1.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Reproductive Toxicology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r03da006665-02)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R03-DA06665)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pharmacological Effects and Toxicity Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Fetal and Pediatric Neurological Disorders
- Keywords
- toluene, prenatal exposure, brain development, embryopathy, brain growth, caudate-putamen, brain cholesterol, catch-up growth, developmental neurotoxicity, rats
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Body Weight, Brain, Brain Chemistry, Cell Count, Cell Nucleus, Female, Embryonic and Fetal Development, Litter Size, Male, Myelin Sheath, Organ Size, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Toluene, Survival Rate, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Rats
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