The DOI matches its Crossref record; 86 of the 87 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Neurometabolic Effects of Psilocybin, 3,4-Methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDE) and d-Methamphetamine in Healthy Volunteers A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled PET Study with [18F]FDG
Abstract
The neurometabolic effects of the hallucinogen psilocybin (PSI; 0.2 mg/kg), the entactogen 3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDE; 2 mg/kg) and the stimulant d-methamphetamine (METH; 0.2-0.4 mg/kg) and the drugs' interactions with a prefrontal activation task were investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled human [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucoseFDG-positron emission tomographicPET study (each group: n = 8). Subjects underwent two scans (control: word repetition; activation word association) within 2-4 weeks. Psilocybin increased rMRGlu in distinct right hemispheric frontotemporal cortical regions, particularly in the anterior cingulate and decreased rMRGlu in the thalamus. Both MDE and METH induced cortical hypometabolism and cerebellar hypermetabolism. In the MDE group, cortical hypometabolism was more pronounced in frontal regions, with the exception of the right anterior cingulate, which tended to be hyperactive. Cognitive activation-related increases in left frontocortical regions were attenuated under all three psychoactive substances, but less so under MDE. Taking into account performance data and subjective reports on task difficulty, these effects may result from different mechanisms across the three groups. Our PSI data are in line with studies on acute schizophrenic patients suggesting frontal overactivity at rest, but diminished capacity to activate prefrontal regions upon cognitive demand. The MDE data support the hypothesis that entactogens constitute a distinct psychoactive substance class, which takes an intermediate position between stimulants and hallucinogens.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Next-generation, psychoplastogenic antidepressants also modulate PFC function with both ketamine and psychedelics increasing PFC activation as measured by 18F-FDG PET imaging (113–116).”
From Psychedelics and Other Psychoplastogens for Treating Mental Illness. (2021) · cites this paper as [116]
In the citing paper
“Relative to a control group, the treatment provoked 5–10% increases in CMRglc in frontal operculum, anterior cingulate cortex, and inferior temporal cortex, along with 5–10% decreases in the precentral cortex and thalamus in a study by Gouzoulis-Mayfrank et al. [138].”
From Molecular and Functional Imaging Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in Animals and Humans. (2021) · cites this paper as [138]
In the citing paper
“Whereas Vollenweider et al. [137] reported symmetrical changes in CMRglc, Gouzoulis-Mayfrank et al. [138] saw greater effects in the right hemisphere.”
From Molecular and Functional Imaging Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in Animals and Humans. (2021) · cites this paper as [138]
In the citing paper
“There was relatively little overlap between the patterns of altered CMRglc in subjects receiving psilocybin (2) versus the non-hallucinogenic indirect serotonin/dopamine agonist methylendioxymetamphetamine (MDMA).”
From Molecular and Functional Imaging Studies of Psychedelic Drug Action in Animals and Humans. (2021) · cites this paper as [138]
Citations
Cites
The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia.
Kay, S. R., Fiszbein, A., & Opler, L. A. (1987) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/13.2.261 · Cited by 21,378
Co-Planar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain
Talairach, J., & Tournoux, P. (1988) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 11,798
Sokoloff, L., Reivich, M., Kennedy, C., Rosiers, M. H. D., Patlak, C. S., Pettigrew, K. D., Sakurada, O., & Shinohara, M. (1977) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1977.tb10649.x · Cited by 6,000
Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias
(1951) · Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1951.02920270079043 · Cited by 4,407
Contributions of anterior cingulate cortex to behaviour
Devinsky, O., Morrell, M. J., & Vogt, B. A. (1995) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/118.1.279 · Cited by 3,377
Positron emission tomographic studies of the cortical anatomy of single-word processing
Petersen, S. E., Fox, P. T., Posner, M. I., Mintun, M., & Raichle, M. E. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/331585a0 · Cited by 2,593
Phelps, M. E., Huang, S. C., Hoffman, E. J., Selin, C. E., Sokoloff, L., & Kuhl, D. E. (1979) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410060502 · Cited by 2,417
Dementia Praecox oder Gruppe der Schizophrenien
Bleuler, E. (1911) · Cited by 1,429
Vogt, B. A., Finch, D. M., & Olson, C. R. (1992) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/2.6.435-a · Cited by 1,315
Patterns of Cerebral Blood Flow in Schizophrenia
Liddle, P. F., Friston, K. J., Frith, C., Hirsch, S. R., Jones, T., & Frackowiak, R. S. J. (1992) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.160.2.179 · Cited by 899
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Nichols, D. E. (2016) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.115.011478 · Cited by 1,762
Nichols, D. E. (2004) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2003.11.002 · Cited by 1,211
Gasser, P., Holstein, D., Michel, Y., Doblin, R., Yazar-Klosinski, B., Passie, T., & Brenneisen, R. (2014) · Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000113 · Cited by 750
The neurobiology of psychedelic drugs: implications for the treatment of mood disorders
Vollenweider, F. X., & Kometer, M. (2010) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2884 · Cited by 723
Psychedelic drugs: neurobiology and potential for treatment of psychiatric disorders
Vollenweider, F. X., & Preller, K. H. (2020) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41583-020-0367-2 · Cited by 570
Metadata
- Authors
- Gouzoulis-Mayfrank, E.
- Venue
- Neuropsychopharmacology
- Published
- 1999-06
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 565-581
- ISSN
- 0893-133X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2102963347
- Cited by
- 219
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 7.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RWTH Publications (RWTH Aachen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- RWTH Aachen University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- psilocybin, MDMA, hallucinogens, entactogens, stimulants, brain glucose metabolism, 18F-FDG PET, prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, thalamus, cerebellar hypermetabolism, cognitive activation, word association task, healthy volunteers
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cerebellum, Cognition, Double-Blind Method, Female, Glucose, Hallucinogens, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Methamphetamine, Middle Aged, Psilocybin, Psychopathology, Radionuclide Imaging, 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine, Adrenergic Agents, Nootropic Agents
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
