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The physiology of oxygen transport
Abstract
Adequate organ function requires adequate provision of cells with oxygen (O2). The driving force for O2-diffusion from ambient air to its site of consumption in cell mitochondria is the oxygen partial pressure (pO2) gradient along this pathway. After uptake in the lungs, O2 transport in blood is achieved (1) through binding to haemoglobin and (2) through physical dissolution in plasma. While the sum of O2 in these two transport states defines total oxygen content of blood, the delivery of O2 to different organs is determined by cardiac output and arterial O2 content, being the product of both parameters. In the case of anaemia, intravascular volume and cardiac compensatory mechanisms determine the degree of O2 content reduction allowable prior tissue hypoxia and lactacidosis occur. When intravascular volume is preserved (e.g. normovolemic dilutional anaemia), reductions in O2 content are tolerated to a much higher degree than in hypovolemic anaemia (e.g. haemorrhagic shock).
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“If effective fluid resuscitation ensures adequate intravascular volume, oxygen extraction at the tissue level can compensate for the reduction in arterial oxygen content until anemia becomes very severe (81, 82).”
From Placental abruption at near-term and term gestations: Pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management (2023) · cites this paper as [81]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Habler, O. P., & Messmer, K. F. W.
- Affiliations
- Institut für Chirurgische Forschung (DE)
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Habler, Oliver P
- Venue
- Transfusion Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-09
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 425-435
- ISSN
- 0955-3886 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2085056517
- Cited by
- 113
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Transfusion Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Hemoglobin structure and function
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood transfusion and management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Biomedical and Chemical Research
- Keywords
- oxygen transport, oxygen partial pressure gradient, cardiac output, arterial oxygen content, tissue hypoxia, anemia, hemorrhagic shock, lactacidosis, oxygen delivery
- MeSH terms
- Anemia, Biological Transport, Cells, Hemoglobins, Humans, Lung, Oxygen, Oxygen Consumption, Pulmonary Alveoli
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