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Regulation of Human Separase by Securin Binding and Autocleavage
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Background Sister chromatid separation is initiated by separase, a protease that cleaves cohesin and thereby dissolves sister chromatid cohesion. Separase is activated by the degradation of its inhibitor securin and by the removal of inhibitory phosphates. In human cells, separase activation also coincides with the cleavage of separase, but it is not known if this reaction activates separase, which protease cleaves separase, and how separase cleavage is regulated. Results Inhibition of separase expression in human cells by RNA interference causes the formation of polyploid cells with large lobed nuclei. In mitosis, many of these cells contain abnormal chromosome plates with unseparated sister chromatids. Inhibitor binding experiments in vitro reveal that securin prevents the access of substrate analogs to the active site of separase. Upon securin degradation, the active site of full-length separase becomes accessible, allowing rapid autocatalytic cleavage of separase at one of three sites. The resulting N- and C-terminal fragments remain associated and can be reinhibited by securin. A noncleavable separase mutant retains its ability to cleave cohesin in vitro. Conclusions Our results suggest that separase is required for sister chromatid separation during mitosis in human cells. Our data further indicate that securin inhibits separase by blocking the access of substrates to the active site of separase. Securin proteolysis allows autocatalytic processing of separase into a cleaved form, but separase cleavage is not essential for separase activation.
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“At last, the TPP measurements also reflect complex formation as indicated exemplarily by the interaction of ESPL1 and PTTG1 which regulate the degradation of the APC/C complex during cell cycle arrest (Waizenegger et al, 2002).”
From Network integration of thermal proteome profiling with multi-omics data decodes PARP inhibition (2024) · cites this paper as Waizenegger et al, 2002
In the citing paper
“In particular, the inclusion of TPP allows us to retrieve detailed mechanistic insight into well-known consequences of PARP inhibition, such as DNA damage signaling via the ATM-ATR-CHEK2 axis or cell cycle arrest via modulation of cyclin degradation or the formation of the ESPL1-PTTG1 complex (Matthews et al, 2022; Waizenegger et al, 2002).”
From Network integration of thermal proteome profiling with multi-omics data decodes PARP inhibition (2024) · cites this paper as Waizenegger et al, 2002
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Yu, J., Morgan, D. O., & Boland, A. (2023) · Biochemical Society Transactions · doi:10.1042/bst20221400 · Cited by 25
Cdc48 is required for the stability of Cut1/separase in mitotic anaphase
Ikai, N., & Yanagida, M. (2006) · Journal of Structural Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsb.2006.04.003 · Cited by 25
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Luo, S., & Tong, L. (2018) · Current Opinion in Structural Biology · doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2018.01.012 · Cited by 24
Securin predicts aneuploidy and survival in breast cancer
Karra, H., Pitkänen, R., Nykänen, M., Talvinen, K., Kuopio, T., Söderström, M., & Kronqvist, P. (2012) · Histopathology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04107.x · Cited by 24
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Prostate Cancer Cell Response to Paclitaxel Is Affected by Abnormally Expressed Securin PTTG1
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Metadata
- Authors
- Waizenegger, I. C., Giménez-Abián, J. F., Wernic, D., & Peters, J.-M.
- Affiliations
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (AT)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada) (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Peters, Jan-Michael
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-08
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 1368-1378
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1967853904
- Cited by
- 222
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 3.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ubiquitin and proteasome pathways
- Keywords
- separase, securin, sister chromatid separation, cohesin cleavage, sister chromatid cohesion, autocatalytic cleavage, protease activation, mitosis, polyploidy, active site inhibition, RNA interference
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Cell Nucleus, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, Chromosomes, Enzyme Activation, Enzyme Inhibitors, Fungal Proteins, HeLa Cells, Humans, Mitosis, Models, Biological, Neoplasm Proteins, Nuclear Proteins, Endopeptidases, Peptides, Phosphoproteins, Polyploidy, Protein Binding, Molecular Structure, Trans-Activators, Sequence Alignment, Cell Cycle Proteins, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, RNA Interference, Separase, Securin
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