On the Development and Strength of Category–Brand Associations in Memory: The Case of Mystery Ads
Abstract
The results of an experiment that examined the influence of ad format on memory structure for the brand are presented. Mystery ads (i.e., those in which the brand is not identified until the end of the ad) were found to be more effective in building associations in memory between the product category and the brand than identical ads in which the brand was identified early in the ad. These mystery ads were most effective for novel brands, with which viewers were unfamiliar. A possible mechanism for the process is described, and implications of strong category–brand associations for brand choice are discussed.
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Curiosity gaps increase consumer engagement in a range of contexts, including ad clicks and brand recall.
“Prior research shows that curiosity gaps increase consumer engagement in a range of contexts, including ad clicks (Menon and Soman 2002) and brand recall (Fazio, Herr, and Powell 1992).”
From Emotional Manipulation by AI Companions (2025) · cites this paper as Fazio, Herr, and Powell 1992
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The psychology of curiosity: A review and reinterpretation.
Loewenstein, G. (1994) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.116.1.75 · Cited by 2,738 · see citing works
Emotional Manipulation by AI Companions
De Freitas, J., Oguz-Uguralp, Z., & Kaan-Uguralp, A. (2025) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2508.19258 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Fazio, R. H., Herr, P. M., & Powell, M. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Indiana University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Consumer Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1992-01
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-13
- ISSN
- 1057-7408 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7663
- OpenAlex
- W1985556110
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 2.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Consumer Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Marketing and Advertising Strategies
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing
- Keywords
- brand memory, ad formats, brand identification, brand choice, memory structure, advertising effectiveness
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