CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,461HIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsHIV, Drug Use, Sexual RiskLGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 72 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Worldwide burden of HIV in transgender women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Baral, Stefan D, Poteat, Tonia, Strömdahl, Susanne, Wirtz, Andrea L, Guadamuz, Thomas E, Beyrer, Chris·2013·The Lancet Infectious Diseases
DOI 10.1016/s1473-3099(12)70315-8
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Background Previous systematic reviews have identified a high prevalence of HIV infection in transgender women in the USA and in those who sell sex (compared with both female and male sex workers). However, little is known about the burden of HIV infection in transgender women worldwide. We aimed to better assess the relative HIV burden in all transgender women worldwide.Methods We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that assessed HIV infection burdens in transgender women that were published between Jan 1, 2000, and Nov 30, 2011. Meta-analysis was completed with the Mantel-Haenszel method, and random-effects modelling was used to compare HIV burdens in transgender women with that in adults in the countries for which data were available.Findings Data were only available for countries with male-predominant HIV epidemics, which included the USA, six Asia-Pacific countries, five in Latin America, and three in Europe. The pooled HIV prevalence was 19·1% (95% CI 17·4-20·7) in 11 066 transgender women worldwide. In 7197 transgender women sampled in ten low-income and middle-income countries, HIV prevalence was 17·7% (95% CI 15·6-19·8). In 3869 transgender women sampled in five high-income countries, HIV prevalence was 21·6% (95% CI 18·8-24·3). The odds ratio for being infected with HIV in transgender women compared with all adults of reproductive age across the 15 countries was 48·8 (95% CI 21·2-76·3) and did not differ for those in low-income and middle-income countries compared with those in high-income countries.Interpretation Our findings suggest that transgender women are a very high burden population for HIV and are in urgent need of prevention, treatment, and care services. The meta-analysis showed remarkable consistency and severity of the HIV disease burden among transgender women.Funding Center for AIDS Research at Johns Hopkins and the Center for Public Health and Human Rights at the JHU Bloomberg School of Public Health.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s1473-3099(12)70315-8

Cites

72 of 72 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 73 references

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Pell, 2011, A clinical audit of male to female (MTF) transgender patients attending taylor square private clinic in Sydney, Australia, aiming to improve quality of care, J Sex Med, 8, 179
  2. Silva-Santisteban, 2012, Understanding the HIV/AIDS epidemic in transgender women of Lima, Peru: results from a sero-epidemiologic study using respondent driven sampling, AIDS Behav, 16, 872, 10.1007/s10461-011-0053-5 · DOI
  3. Pisani, 2004, HIV, syphilis infection, and sexual practices among transgenders, male sex workers, and other men who have sex with men in Jakarta, Indonesia, Sex TransmInfect, 80, 536, 10.1136/sti.2003.007500 · DOI
  4. Shrestha, 2011, Nepal census recognizes ‘third gender’, CNN

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Baral, S. D., Poteat, T., Strömdahl, S., Wirtz, A. L., Guadamuz, T. E., & Beyrer, C.
Affiliations
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
Corresponding author
Baral, Stefan D
ORCID
Venue
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-03
Volume
13
Issue
3
Pages
214-222
ISSN
1473-3099 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s1473-3099(12)70315-8
OpenAlex
W2115046127
Cited by
1,461
References
73
Citations by year
2026: 60 · 2025: 68 · 2024: 85 · 2023: 107 · 2022: 135 · 2021: 148 · 2020: 181 · 2019: 176 · 2018: 130 · 2017: 102 · 2016: 111 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 49 · 2013: 22
FWCI
5.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • The Lancet Infectious Diseases (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH085567)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (P30AI094189)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
Keywords
HIV infection, transgender women, HIV prevalence, HIV burden, sex workers, low- and middle-income countries, high-income countries, HIV prevention, HIV care and treatment
MeSH terms
Asia, Developing Countries, El Salvador, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Netherlands, South America, Spain, United States, Global Health, HIV Infections, Prevalence, Developed Countries, Transgender Persons

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review