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Cited by 933HIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsLGBTQ Health, Identity, and PolicyHIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk

Estimating HIV prevalence and risk behaviors of transgender persons in the United States: a systematic review

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for the HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Team, Herbst, Jeffrey H., Jacobs, Elizabeth D., Finlayson, Teresa J., McKleroy, Vel S., Neumann, Mary Spink, Crepaz, Nicole·2008·AIDS and Behavior
DOI 10.1007/s10461-007-9299-3
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Abstract

Transgender populations in the United States have been impacted by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This systematic review estimates the prevalence of HIV infection and risk behaviors of transgender persons. Comprehensive searches of the US-based HIV behavioral prevention literature identified 29 studies focusing on male-to-female (MTF) transgender women; five of these studies also reported data on female-to-male (FTM) transgender men. Using meta-analytic approaches, prevalence rates were estimated by synthesizing weighted means. Meta-analytic findings indicated that 27.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24.8-30.6%) of MTFs tested positive for HIV infection (four studies), while 11.8% (95% CI, 10.5-13.2%) of MTFs self-reported being HIV-seropositive (18 studies). Higher HIV infection rates were found among African-American MTFs regardless of assessment method (56.3% test result; 30.8% self-report). Large percentages of MTFs (range, 27-48%) reported engaging in risky behaviors (e.g., unprotected receptive anal intercourse, multiple casual partners, sex work). Prevalence rates of HIV and risk behaviors were low among FTMs. Contextual factors potentially related to increased HIV risk include mental health concerns, physical abuse, social isolation, economic marginalization, and unmet transgender-specific healthcare needs. Additional research is needed to explain the causes of HIV risk behavior of transgender persons. These findings should be considered when developing and adapting prevention interventions for transgender populations.

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Research works printed but not linked: 9

  1. Corado, R. (2006). Latino transgender program in Washington, DC. Paper presented at the United States Conference on AIDS, Hollywood, FL, September.
  2. Keatley, J. (2006). Transgender HIV issues: Overview to effective transgender programs institute. Paper presented at the United States Conference on AIDS, Hollywood, FL, September.
  3. Kohler, L. (2006). Primary care for transgender people at risk for or living with HIV. Paper presented at the United States Conference on AIDS, Hollywood, FL, September.
  4. Mediano, E. E., & Ilada, G. G. (2003). Addressing life issues in doing HIV prevention in the transgender community. Paper presented at the 2003 National HIV Prevention Conference, Atlanta, GA, July.
  5. In B. P. Bowser, S. I. Mishra, C. J. Reback, & G. F. Lemp (Eds.), Preventing AIDS: Community-science collaborations (pp. 115- 131). New York, NY: Haworth Press.
  6. Salcedo, B. (2006). Projecto Bienstar: Services for Latina transgen- der women. Paper presented at the United States Conference on AIDS, Hollywood, FL, September.
  7. Sykes, D. L., & Truax, S. R. (1999). Factors related to HIV risk in transgendered people. Paper presented at the 1999 National HIV Prevention Conference, Atlanta, GA, July.
  8. Thompson, H. (2006). Transitions Project. Paper presented at the United States Conference on AIDS, Hollywood, FL, September.
  9. Thompson, H. (2007). Designing effective interventions for trans- gender populations. Workshop presented at the 2007 HIV Prevention Leadership Summit, New Orleans, LA, May.

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Authors
for the HIV/AIDS Prevention Research Synthesis Team, Herbst, J. H., Jacobs, E. D., Finlayson, T. J., McKleroy, V. S., Neumann, M. S., & Crepaz, N.
Affiliations
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
Corresponding author
Herbst, Jeffrey H.
ORCID
Venue
AIDS and Behavior
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2007-08-13
Volume
12
Issue
1
Pages
1-17
ISSN
  • 1090-7165 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-3254
DOI
10.1007/s10461-007-9299-3
OpenAlex
W2093647119
Cited by
933
References
79
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 52 · 2021: 73 · 2020: 86 · 2019: 107 · 2018: 82 · 2017: 75 · 2016: 81 · 2015: 67 · 2014: 53 · 2013: 34 · 2012: 32
FWCI
1.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • AIDS and Behavior (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Keywords
HIV prevalence, transgender people, HIV risk behavior, unprotected receptive anal intercourse, sex work, HIV prevention, social isolation, economic exclusion, mental health, physical abuse, unmet health needs
MeSH terms
Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Risk-Taking, Sexual Behavior, Sexual Partners, Transsexualism, Meta-Analysis as Topic, HIV Infections, Prevalence

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