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Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: International MOGAD Panel proposed criteria
Open accessAbstract
Serum antibodies directed against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are found in patients with acquired CNS demyelinating syndromes that are distinct from multiple sclerosis and aquaporin-4-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Based on an extensive literature review and a structured consensus process, we propose diagnostic criteria for MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) in which the presence of MOG-IgG is a core criterion. According to our proposed criteria, MOGAD is typically associated with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, optic neuritis, or transverse myelitis, and is less commonly associated with cerebral cortical encephalitis, brainstem presentations, or cerebellar presentations. MOGAD can present as either a monophasic or relapsing disease course, and MOG-IgG cell-based assays are important for diagnostic accuracy. Diagnoses such as multiple sclerosis need to be excluded, but not all patients with multiple sclerosis should undergo screening for MOG-IgG. These proposed diagnostic criteria require validation but have the potential to improve identification of individuals with MOGAD, which is essential to define long-term clinical outcomes, refine inclusion criteria for clinical trials, and identify predictors of a relapsing versus a monophasic disease course.
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Cites
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Self-citation
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Cited by
Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2024 revisions of the McDonald criteria
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Self-citationBorrelli, S., Martire, M. S., Stölting, A., Vanden Bulcke, C., Pedrini, E., Guisset, F., Bugli, C., Yildiz, H., Pothen, L., Elands, S., et al. (2024) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000200253 · Cited by 61
Positive cerebrospinal fluid in the 2024 McDonald criteria for multiple sclerosis
Deisenhammer, F., Hegen, H., Arrambide, G., Banwell, B. L., Coetzee, T., Gnanapavan, S., Montalban, X., Tumani, H., Willrich, M. A., & Freedman, M. S. (2025) · eBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2025.105905 · Cited by 46
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Metadata
- Authors
- Banwell, B., Bennett, J. L., Marignier, R., Kim, H. J., Brilot, F., Flanagan, E. P., Ramanathan, S., Waters, P., Tenembaum, S., Graves, J. S., Chitnis, T., Brandt, A. U., Hemingway, C., Neuteboom, R., Pandit, L., Reindl, M., Saiz, A., Sato, D. K., Rostasy, K., Paul, F., Pittock, S. J., Fujihara, K., & Palace, J.
- Venue
- The Lancet Neurology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-03
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 268-282
- ISSN
- 1474-4422 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4318391603
- Cited by
- 1,246
- References
- 101
- FWCI
- 205.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Funders
- Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation
- Mayo Clinic
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- Banwell, B., Bennett, J. L., Marignier, R., Kim, H. J., Brilot, F., Flanagan, E. P., Ramanathan, S., Waters, P., Tenembaum, S., Graves, J. S., Chitnis, T., Brandt, A. U., Hemingway, C., Neuteboom, R., Pandit, L., Reindl, M., Saiz, A., Sato, D. K., Rostasy, K., . . . Palace, J. (2023). Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: International MOGAD Panel proposed criteria. The Lancet Neurology. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(22)00431-8
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