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Découverte d’un nouvel hominidé à Dmanissi (Transcaucasie, Géorgie)
Open accessAbstract
Four human remains: one mandible, two skulls and one metatarsus were discovered between 1991 and 1999 at the open-air site of Dmanisi, Georgia, in a precise stratigraphic, palaeontological and archaeological context, in volcanic ashes dated to 1.81 ± 0.05 Ma. The first studies of these fossils enable the authors to compare them with the morphology of archaic African Homo erectus, ascribed to Homo ergaster, and to ascertain hominid presence at the gates of Europe 300 000 years earlier than the classical scenario forecasted. In September 2000, the discovery of a second more complete and robust mandible D 2600 presents a threefold interest: palaeontological, functional and pathological. A comparison with Homo habilis and Homo erectus leads to the recognition of a new Homo species: H. georgicus sp. nov. The morphofunctional characteristics and the antiquity of H. georgicus characterise the root of a long Eurasian line. Quatre restes humains : une mandibule, deux crânes et un métatarsien ont été découverts entre 1991 et 1999 sur le site de plein air de Dmanissi en Géorgie, dans un contexte stratigraphique, paléontologique et archéologique précis, datés par la présence de cendres volcaniques enrobantes de 1,81 ± 0,05 Ma. Les premières études de ces fossiles ont permis aux auteurs de les rapprocher de la morphologie des Homo erectus archaïques africains, attribués à Homo ergaster, et de constater la présence de l’homme aux portes de l’Europe 300 000 ans plus tôt que le scénario classique ne le prévoyait. En septembre 2000, la mise au jour d’une seconde mandibule D 2600, plus complète, robuste, présente un triple intérêt : paléontologique, fonctionnel et pathologique. Une comparaison avec Homo habilis et Homo erectus permet de reconnaître une nouvelle espèce d’Homo : Homo georgicus sp. nov. Les caractéristiques morpho-fonctionnelles et l’ancienneté de Homo georgicus caractérisent la souche d’une longue lignée eurasiatique.
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Cited by
A Complete Skull from Dmanisi, Georgia, and the Evolutionary Biology of Early Homo
Lordkipanidze, D., Ponce de León, M. S., Margvelashvili, A., Rak, Y., Rightmire, G. P., Vekua, A., & Zollikofer, C. P. E. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1238484 · Cited by 404
Self-citationFurther evidence for small-bodied hominins from the Late Pleistocene of Flores, Indonesia
Morwood, M. J., Brown, P., Jatmiko, Sutikna, T., Wahyu Saptomo, E., Westaway, K. E., Awe Due, R., Roberts, R. G., Maeda, T., Wasisto, S., et al. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04022 · Cited by 384
Earliest human occupations at Dmanisi (Georgian Caucasus) dated to 1.85–1.78 Ma
Ferring, R., Oms, O., Agustí, J., Berna, F., Nioradze, M., Shelia, T., Tappen, M., Vekua, A., Zhvania, D., & Lordkipanidze, D. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1106638108 · Cited by 318
Self-citationHominin taxic diversity: Fact or fantasy?
Wood, B., & K. Boyle, E. (2016) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.22902 · Cited by 196
Brown, P., & Maeda, T. (2009) · Journal of Human Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2009.06.002 · Cited by 106
Metadata
- Authors
- Gabounia, L., de Lumley, M.-A., Vekua, A., Lordkipanidze, D., & de Lumley, H.
- Venue
- Comptes Rendus Palevol
- Publisher
- Museum National D'Histoire Naturelle
- Published
- 2002-09
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 243-253
- ISSN
- 1631-0683 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2115371267
- Cited by
- 171
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 29.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- fr
- Open access
- bronze
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- Gabounia, L., de Lumley, M.-A., Vekua, A., Lordkipanidze, D., & de Lumley, H. (2002). Découverte d’un nouvel hominidé à Dmanissi (Transcaucasie, Géorgie). Comptes Rendus Palevol. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1631-0683(02)00032-5
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