CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 525Healthcare Systems and ReformsHealthcare Systems and PracticesPrimary Care and Health Outcomes

The Lancet Global Health Commission on financing primary health care: putting people at the centre

Open access
Hanson, Kara, Brikci, Nouria, Erlangga, Darius, Alebachew, Abebe, De Allegri, Manuela, Balabanova, Dina, Blecher, Mark, Cashin, Cheryl +16 more·2022·The Lancet Global Health
DOI 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00005-5PMC PMC9005653
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

The Lancet Global Health Commissions classified, and reported to enable longitudinal and crosscountry analyses of achievement of key primary healthcare financing goals.(5) Academic researchers, technical experts, and policy makers, among others, should pursue a robust research agenda on financing arrangements for PHC that place people at the centre to support achievement of key primary health-care financing goals.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00005-5

Cites

4 of 4 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Delivering quality PHC services requires an enduring infrastructure, essential medicines, commodities, adequately staffed and skilled health workers and effective, safe, people-centred care that is timely, equitable, integrated and efficient.

    “There is a growing acknowledgment that delivering quality PHC services requires an enduring infrastructure, essential medicines, commodities, adequately staffed and skilled health workers and effective, safe, people-centred care that is timely, equitable, integrated and efficient [1, 17, 54–56].”

    From Assessment of the compliance with minimum quality standards by public primary healthcare facilities in Nigeria (2024) · cites this paper as [55]

    Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 140

  1. [2]Balabanova D Mills A Conteh L Good Health at low cost 25 years on: lessons for the future of health systems strengthening Lancet 381 2013 2118 2133 23574803
  2. [3]Starfield B Shi L Macinko J Contribution of primary care to health systems and health The Milbank Quarterly 83 2005 457 502 16202000 PMC2690145
  3. [4]Sacks E Schleiff M Were M Chowdhury AM Perry HB Communities, universal health coverage and primary health care Bull World Health Organ 98 2020 773 780 33177774 PMC7607457
  4. [5]WHO Closing the gap in a generation: health equity through action on the social determinants of health—final report of the Commission on Social Determinants of Heath 2008 WHO Geneva 18994664
  5. [8]WHO Building the economic case for PHC: a scoping review 2018 WHO Geneva
  6. [9]Watkins DA Yamey G Schäferhoff M Alma-Ata at 40 years: reflections from the Lancet Commission on Investing in Health Lancet 392 2018 143 160 30343859
  7. [10]Stenberg K Hanssen O Bertram M Guide posts for investment in primary health care and projected resource needs in 67 low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study Lancet Glob Health 7 2019 e1500 e1510 31564629 PMC7024989
  8. [11]Stenberg K Axelson H Sheehan P Advancing social and economic development by investing in women's and children's health: a new global investment Framework Lancet 383 2014 133 154 24263249
  9. [12]Gaudin S Smith PC Soucat A Yazbeck AS Common goods for health: economic rationale and tools for prioritization Health Syst Reform 5 2019 280 292 31661367
  10. [13]Walraven G The 2018 Astana Declaration on Primary Health Care, is it useful? J Glob Health 9 2019 010313 PMC6445497 30992983
  11. [17]WHO WHO guideline: recommendations on digital interventions for health system strengthening 2019 World Health Organization Geneva 31162915
  12. [19]Kraef C Juma P Kallestrup P Mucumbitsi J Ramaiya K Yonga G The COVID-19 pandemic and non-communicable diseases-a wake-up call for primary health care system strengthening in Sub-Saharan Africa J Prim Care Community Health 11 2020 1 3 2150132720946948 PMC7432973 32734822
  13. [20]Haldane V De Foo C Abdalla SM Health systems resilience in managing the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons from 28 countries Nat Med 27 2021 96 180 34002090
  14. [21]Sagan A Webb E Assopardi-Muscat N Mata Idl McKee M Figueras J Health systems resilience during COVID-19: lessons for building back better 2021 WHO Regional Office for Europe Copenhagen 37023237
  15. [25]Yazbeck AS Soucat A When both markets and governments fail health Health Syst Reform 5 2019 268 279 31684822
  16. [27]The Lancet The ACT accelerator: heading in the right direction? Lancet 397 2021 1419 PMC8049588 33865480
  17. [28]Hipgrave DB Kampo A Pearson L Health systems in the ACT-A Lancet 397 2021 1181 1182 PMC7993938 33773627
  18. [35]Permanand G Kirkby V McKee M Take action at all levels of societies to fix the fractures that left so many people vulnerable to the pandemic McKee M A review of the evidence: drawing the light from the pandemic 2021 European Obervatory on Health Systems and Policies Brussels
  19. [36]Leydon N Kureshy N Dini H-S Nefdt R Country-led institutionalisation of community health within primary health care: reflections from a global partnership J Glob Health 11 2021 03037 PMC7956178 33763211
  20. [37]Zulu JM Perry HB Community health workers at the dawn of a new era Health Res Policy Syst 19 suppl 3 2021 130 34641904 PMC8507089
  21. [38]Hermann K Van Damme W Pariyo GW Community health workers for ART in sub-Saharan Africa: learning from experience--capitalizing on new opportunities Hum Resour Health 7 2009 31 19358701 PMC2672918
  22. [39]Ballard M Westgate C Alban R Compensation models for community health workers: comparison of legal frameworks across five countries J Glob Health 11 2021 04010 PMC7916445 33692894
  23. [40]Mackintosh M Channon A Karan A Selvaraj S Cavagnero E Zhao H What is the private sector? Understanding private provision in the health systems of low-income and middle-income countries Lancet 388 2016 596 605 27358253
  24. [41]Basu S Andrews J Kishore S Panjabi R Stuckler D Comparative performance of private and public healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review PLoS Med 9 2012 e1001244 PMC3378609 22723748
  25. [43]McPake B Hanson K Managing the public–private mix to achieve universal health coverage Lancet 388 2016 62 130 27358252
  26. [49]Wirtz VJ Hogerzeil HV Gray AL Essential medicines for universal health coverage Lancet 389 2017 403 476 27832874 PMC7159295
  27. [52]Gichaga A Masis L Chandra A Palazuelos D Wakaba N Mind the global community health funding gap Glob Health Sci Pract 9 suppl 1 2021 S9 17 33727316 PMC7971370
  28. [54]Nolte E Woldmann L Financing and reimbursement Amelung V Stein V Goodwin N Balicer R Nolte E Suter E Handbook integrated care 2021 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 341 364
  29. [56]Garg S Tripathi N Ranjan A Bebarta KK Comparing the average cost of outpatient care of public and for-profit private providers in India BMC Health Serv Res 21 2021 838 34407808 PMC8375109
  30. [59]Boaheng JM Amporfu E Ansong D Osei-Fosu AK Determinants of paying national health insurance premium with mobile phone in Ghana: a cross-sectional prospective study Int J Equity Health 18 2019 50 30909933 PMC6434637
  31. [60]Burki T GP at hand: a digital revolution for health care provision? Lancet 394 2019 457 460 31402016
  32. [61]Beran D Pedersen HB Robertson J Noncommunicable diseases, access to essential medicines and universal health coverage Glob Health Action 12 2019 1670014 PMC6781244 31573421
  33. [67]McIntyre D Meheus F Fiscal space for domestic funding of health and other social services 2014 Chatham House London 28332459
  34. [71]Doherty J Kirigia D Okoli C Does expanding fiscal space lead to improved funding of the health sector in developing countries? Lessons from Kenya, Lagos State (Nigeria) and South Africa Glob Health Action 11 2018 1461338 PMC5965026 29768107
  35. [73]WHO The world health report: health systems financing: the path to universal coverage 2010 WHO Geneva PMC2878164 20539847
  36. [74]James CD Hanson K McPake B To retain or remove user fees? Reflections on the current debate in low- and middle-income countries Appl Health Econ Health Policy 5 2006 137 153 17132029
  37. [75]Gilson L McIntyre D Removing user fees for primary care in Africa: the need for careful action BMJ 331 2005 762 765 16195296 PMC1239983
  38. [76]Yates R Universal health care and the removal of user fees Lancet 373 2009 2078 2081 19362359
  39. [78]Hanson K Worrall E Wiseman V Targeting services towards the poor: a review of targeting mechanisms and their effectiveness Bennett S Gilson L Mills A Health, Economic Development and Household Poverty: From Understanding to Action 2007 Routledge London
  40. [79]National Treasury of South Africa Budget review 2021 2021 South African National Treasury Pretoria
  41. [81]Reich MR Harris J Ikegami N Moving towards universal health coverage: lessons from 11 country studies Lancet 387 2016 811 816 26299185
  42. [83]Tandon A Cain J Kurowski C Dozol A Postolovska I From slippery slopes to steep hills: contrasting landscapes of economic growth and public spending for health Soc Sci Med 259 2020 113171 PMC7335632 32674847
  43. [87]Elliott LM Dalglish SL Topp SM Health taxes on tobacco, alcohol, food and drinks in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review of policy content, actors, process and context Int J Health Policy Manag 11 2020 1 15 PMC9309941 32945639
  44. [88]Mathauer I Koch K Zita S Revenue-raising potential for universal health coverage in Benin, Mali, Mozambique, and Togo Bull World Health Organ 97 2019 620 630 31474775 PMC6705507
  45. [89]Barroy H Sparkes S Dale E Mathonnat J Can low-and middle-income countries increase domestic fiscal space for health: a mixed-methods approach to assess possible sources of expansion Health Syst Ref 4 2018 214 226 30081685
  46. [90]Yazbeck AS Savedoff WD Hsiao WC The case against labor-tax-financed social health insurance for low- and low-middle-income countries Health Aff 39 2020 892 897 32364862
  47. [91]van Hees SGM O'Fallon T Hofker M Leaving no one behind? Social inclusion of health insurance in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review Int J Equity Health 18 2019 134 31462303 PMC6714392
  48. [92]Wagstaff A Social health insurance reexamined Health Economics 19 2010 503 517 19399789
  49. [93]Busse R Blümel M Knieps F Bärnighausen T Statutory health insurance in Germany: a health system shaped by 135 years of solidarity, self-governance, and competition Lancet 390 2017 8828982-9 8828982-17 28684025
  50. [95]Baicker K Chandra A The labor market effects of rising health insurance premiums Journal of Labor Economics 24 2006 609 634
  51. [105]Sparkes SP Bump JB Reich MR Political strategies for health reform in Turkey: extending veto point theory Health Systems Reform 1 2015 263 275 31519093
  52. [106]Baris E Mollahaliloglu S Aydin S Healthcare in Turkey: from laggard to leader BMJ 342 2011 c7456 21257656
  53. [108]Croke K The origins of Ethiopia's PHC expansion: the politics of state building and health system strengthening Health Pol Plan 35 2020 131 227 PMC7886436 33169151
  54. [113]Manthalu G Nkhoma D Kuyeli S Simple versus composite indicators of socioeconomic status in resource allocation formulae: the case of the district resource allocation formula in Malawi BMC Health Serv Res 10 2010 6 20053274 PMC2823741
  55. [114]Chee HL Ownership, control, and contention: challenges for the future of healthcare in Malaysia Soc Sci Med 66 2008 214 256 18329149
  56. [115]WHO Building strong public financial management systems towards universal health coverage: key bottlenecks and lessons learnt Regional workshop on PFM for sustainable financing for health in Africa 2018 WHO Nairobi
  57. [122]Rajan D Barroy H Stenberg K Strategizing national health in the 21st century: a handbook. Chapter 8: budgeting for health 2016 WHO Geneva
  58. [124]Uzochukwu B Onwujekwe O Mbachu C Implementing the basic health care provision fund in Nigeria: a framework for accountability and good governance https://resyst.lshtm.ac.uk/resources/implementing-the-basic-health-care-provision-fund-in-nigeria-a-framework-for 2015 PMC6042204 29996838
  59. [127]Gauthier B. PETS as a tool to improve accountability and transparency in public services. ODI 2020 Public Finance Conference; London; Feb 26, 2020.
  60. [129]Goryakin Y Revill P Mirelman A Sweeney R Ochalek J Suhrcke M Public financial management and health service delivery, a literature review 2017 Overseas Development Institute London
  61. [131]Love-Koh J Mirelman A Suhrcke M Equity and economic evaluation of system-level health interventions: a case study of Brazil's Family Health Program Health Policy Plan 36 2021 229 238 33386400
  62. [132]Hone T Saraceni V Medina Coeli C Primary healthcare expansion and mortality in Brazil's urban poor: a cohort analysis of 1.2 million adults PLoS Med 17 2020 e1003357 PMC7598481 33125387
  63. [133]Anselmi L Lagarde M Hanson K Equity in the allocation of public sector financial resources in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review Health Pol Plan 30 2015 528 545 24837639
  64. [134]WHO United Nations Children's Fund. Lesotho: Public health sector expenditure review 2017 The World Bank Washington, DC, WA
  65. [135]Piatti-Fünfkirchen M Ally M Tanzania: health sector public expenditure review 2020 The World Bank Washington DC, USA
  66. [136]Chansa C Workie NW Piatti M Matsebula T Yoo KJ Zambia: health sector public expenditure review 2018 The World Bank Washington, DC, USA
  67. [137]Okorafor OA Thomas S Protecting resources for PHC under fiscal federalism: options for resource allocation Health Policy Plan 22 2007 415 426 18006526
  68. [139]Opwora A Kabare M Molyneux S Goodman C Direct facility funding as a response to user fee reduction: implementation and perceived impact among Kenyan health centres and dispensaries Health Policy Plan 25 2010 406 418 20211967 PMC2929466
  69. [141]Kapologwe NA Kalolo A Kibusi SM Understanding the implementation of Direct Health Facility Financing and its effect on health system performance in Tanzania: a non-controlled before and after mixed method study protocol Health Res Policy Syst 17 2019 11 30700308 PMC6354343
  70. [143]Witter S Bertone M Diaconu K Review of Global Fund experience with facility-level financing. 5th Meeting of the Montreux Collaborative on Fiscal Space, Public Financial Management and Health Financing 2021 WHO Montreaux
  71. [144]Cheng T-M Reflections on the 20th anniversary of Taiwan's single-payer national health insurance system Health Affairs 34 2015 502 510 25732502
  72. [146]Alebachew A Hatt L Kukla M Monitoring and evaluating progress towards universal health coverage in Ethiopia PLoS Med 11 2014 e1001696 PMC4171462 25244146
  73. [147]Dumontet M Buchmueller T Dourgnon P Jusot F Wittwer J Gatekeeping and the utilization of physician services in France: evidence on the Médecin traitant reform Health Policy 121 2017 675 682 28495205
  74. [148]Soucat A Financing common goods for health: fundamental for health, the foundation for UHC Health Syst Reform 5 2019 2632763 2632767 31860401
  75. [149]Sparkes SP Kutzin J Earle AJ Financing common goods for health: a country agenda Health Syst Reform 5 2019 322 333 31684816
  76. [150]Rechel B Maresso A Sagan A Organization and financing of public health services in Europe: country reports 2018 WHO Regional office for Europe Copenhagen 29897704
  77. [152]Hipgrave DB Hort K Dual practice by doctors working in South and East Asia: a review of its origins, scope and impact, and the options for regulation Health Policy Plan 29 2014 703 716 24150504
  78. [154]Barasa E Mathauer I Kabia E How do healthcare providers respond to multiple funding flows? A conceptual framework and options to align them Health Policy Plan 36 2021 861 868 33948635 PMC8227448
  79. [157]Robinson JC Theory and practice in the design of physician payment incentives Milbank Q 79 2001 149 177 11439463 PMC2751195
  80. [158]Lagarde M, Powell-Jackson T, Blaauw D. Managing incentives for health providers and patients in the move towards universal coverage: technical report. Global Symposium on Health Systems Research; Nov 9, 2010. Montreaux, Switzerland; 2010. Montreaux, Switzerland: First Global Symposium on Health Systems Research, 2010: p15–35.
  81. [159]Tan SY Melendez-Torres GJ Do prospective payment systems (PPSs) lead to desirable providers' incentives and patients' outcomes? A systematic review of evidence from developing countries Health Policy Plan 33 2018 137 153 29126109
  82. [160]Jia L Meng Q Scott A Yuan B Zhang L Payment methods for healthcare providers working in outpatient healthcare settings Cochrane Database Syst Rev 1 2021 CD011865 PMC8094987 33469932
  83. [161]Roland M Olesen F Can pay for performance improve the quality of primary care? BMJ 354 2016 i4058 PMC5068890 27492822
  84. [162]Roland M Dudley RA How financial and reputational incentives can be used to improve medical care Health Serv Res 50 2015 2090 2115 26573887 PMC5338201
  85. [163]Rosenthal MB Dudley RA Pay-for-performance: will the latest payment trend improve care? JAMA 297 2007 740 744 17312294
  86. [166]Cattel D Eijkenaar F Value-based provider payment initiatives combining global payments with explicit quality incentives: a systematic review Med Care Res Rev 77 2020 511 537 31216945 PMC7536531
  87. [167]Leutz WN Five laws for integrating medical and social services: Lessons from the United States and the United Kingdom Milbank Q 77 1999 77 110 10197028 PMC2751110
  88. [168]North J Achieving Person-Centred Health Systems. Evidence, strategies, and challenges 2020 Cambridge University Press Cambridge
  89. [169]Conrad DA Vaughn M Grembowski D Marcus-Smith M Implementing value-based payment reform: a conceptual framework and case examples Med Care Res Rev 73 2016 437 457 26545852
  90. [170]de Bakker DH Struijs JN Baan CB Early results from adoption of bundled payment for diabetes care in the Netherlands show improvement in care coordination Health Aff 31 2012 426 433 22323174
  91. [171]Pimperl A Schulte T Mühlbacher A Evaluating the impact of an accountable care organization on population health: the quasi-experimental design of the german gesundes kinzigtal Popul Health Manag 20 2017 239 248 27565005
  92. [172]Maarse JAM Jeurissen PP The policy and politics of the 2015 long-term care reform in the Netherlands Health Policy 120 2016 241 245 26872702
  93. [173]Mason A Goddard M Weatherly H Chalkley M Integrating funds for health and social care: an evidence review J Health Serv Res Policy 20 2015 177 188 25595287 PMC4469543
  94. [174]Diaconu K Falconer J Verbel A Fretheim A Witter S Paying for performance to improve the delivery of health interventions in low- and middle-income countries Cochrane Database Syst Rev 5 2021 CD007899 PMC8099148 33951190
  95. [175]Mendelson A Kondo K Damberg C The effects of pay-for-performance programs on health, health care use, and processes of care: a systematic review Ann Intern Med 166 2017 341 353 28114600
  96. [176]Eijkenaar F Emmert M Scheppach M Schöffski O Effects of pay for performance in health care: a systematic review of systematic reviews Health Policy 110 2013 115 130 23380190
  97. [177]Campbell SM Reeves D Kontopantelis E Sibbald B Roland M Effects of pay for performance on the quality of primary care in England NEJM 361 2009 368 378 19625717
  98. [178]Mullen KJ Frank RG Rosenthal MB Can you get what you pay for? Pay-for-performance and the quality of healthcare providers RAND J Econ 41 2010 64 91 21667575
  99. [179]Steel N Maisey S Clark A Fleetcroft R Howe A Quality of clinical primary care and targeted incentive payments: an observational study Br J Gen Pract 57 2007 4494549-5 4494549-14 PMC2078183 17550669
  100. [181]Cashin C Chi Y-L Smith P Borowitz M Thomson S Paying for performance in health care. Implications for health system performance and accountability 2014 Open University Press England
  101. [183]Tangcharoensathien V Limwattananon S Patcharanarumol W Thammatacharee J Jongudomsuk P Sirilak S Achieving universal health coverage goals in Thailand: the vital role of strategic purchasing Health Policy Plan 30 2015 1152 1161 25378527 PMC4597041
  102. [184]Mills A Bennett S Siriwanarangsun P Tangcharoensathien V The response of providers to capitation payment: a case-study from Thailand Health Policy 51 2000 163 180 10720686
  103. [185]Santos R Gravelle H Propper C Does quality affect patients' choice of doctor? Evidence from England Econ J 127 2017 445 494 PMC5349292 28356602
  104. [191]Robyn PJ Bärnighausen T Souares A Provider payment methods and health worker motivation in community-based health insurance: a mixed-methods study Soc Sci Med 108 2014 223 236 24681326
  105. [192]Agyei-Baffour P Oppong R Boateng D Knowledge, perceptions and expectations of capitation payment system in a health insurance setting: a repeated survey of clients and health providers in Kumasi, Ghana BMC Public Health 13 2013 1220 PMC3883496 24359034
  106. [193]Moseley GB 3rd The US health care non-system, 1908–2008 AMA J Ethics 10 2008 324 331 23211988
  107. [198]Wang H Otoo N Dsane-Selby L Ghana national health insurance scheme: improving financial sustainability based on expenditure review 2017 World Bank Washington, DC
  108. [202]Dan S, Savi R. Payment systems and incentives in primary care in transition healthcare systems: Implications of recent reforms in Estonia and Romania. European Consortium for Political Research Graduate Conference; Bremen; July 12, 2012.
  109. [203]Pisani E Olivier Kok M Nugroho K Indonesia's road to universal health coverage: a political journey Health Pol Plan 32 2017 267 276 PMC5400042 28207049
  110. [207]Cometto G Ford N Pfaffman-Zambruni J Health policy and system support to optimise community health worker programmes: an abridged WHO guideline Lancet Glob Health 6 2018 e1397 e1404 30430994
  111. [209]Colvin CJ Hodgins S Perry HB Community health workers at the dawn of a new era: 8. Incentives and remuneration Health Res Policy Syst 19 2021 112 125 34641900 PMC8506105
  112. [210]Gadsden T Mabunda SA Palagyi A Performance-based incentives and community health workers' outputs, a systematic review Bull World Health Organ 99 2021 805 818 34737473 PMC8542270
  113. [211]Kok MC Dieleman M Taegtmeyer M Which intervention design factors influence performance of community health workers in low-and middle-income countries? A systematic review Health Policy Plan 30 2015 1207 1227 25500559 PMC4597042
  114. [213]Bernal P Martinez S In-kind incentives and health worker performance: Experimental evidence from El Salvador J Health Econ 70 2020 102267 PMC7188218 32028090
  115. [214]Pallas SW Minhas D Pérez-Escamilla R Taylor L Curry L Bradley EH Community health workers in low- and middle-income countries: what do we know about scaling up and sustainability? Am J Public Health 103 2013 e74 e82 PMC3682607 23678926
  116. [215]WHO WHO guideline on health policy and system support to optimize community health worker programmes 2018 WHO Geneva 30431747
  117. [217]Roland M Rao SR Sibbald B Professional values and reported behaviours of doctors in the USA and UK: quantitative survey BMJ Qual Saf 20 2011 515 521 PMC3102540 21383386
  118. [218]Prang KH Maritz R Sabanovic H Dunt D Kelaher M Mechanisms and impact of public reporting on physicians and hospitals' performance: a systematic review (2000–2020) PLoS One 16 2021 e0247297 PMC7904172 33626055
  119. [219]Gopalan SS Mutasa R Friedman J Das A Health sector demand-side financial incentives in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review on demand- and supply-side effects Soc Sci Med 100 2014 72 83 24444841
  120. [220]Lagarde M Haines A Palmer N Conditional cash transfers for improving uptake of health interventions in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review JAMA 298 2007 1900 1910 17954541
  121. [221]Coburn D Health and health care: a political economy perspective Bryant T Raphael D Rioux M Staying alive: Critical perspectives on health, illness, and health care Second edition ed. 2010 Canadian Scholars' Press Inc Toronto 65 91
  122. [222]Whiteslide H Capitalist political economy: thinkers and theories First edition 2020 Routledge London
  123. [224]Campos P Reich M Political analysis for health policy implementation Health Syst Reform 5 2019 224 235 31390295
  124. [225]Sparkes SP Bump JB Özçelik EA Political economy analysis for health financing reform Health Syst Reform 5 2019 183 194 31369319
  125. [226]Roberts M Hsiao W Berman P Reich M Getting health reform right: a guide to improving performance and equity 2008 Oxford University Press New York, NY
  126. [228]Croke K Mohd Yusoff MB Abdullah Z The political economy of health financing reform in Malaysia Health Policy Plan 34 2019 732 739 31563946 PMC6913695
  127. [230]Shiffman J Political Context and Health Financing Reform Health Syst Reform 5 2019 257 259 31414931
  128. [234]Witter S Brikci N Harris T The free healthcare initiative in Sierra Leone: evaluating a health system reform, 2010-2015 Int J Health Plann Manage 33 2018 434 448 29327367
  129. [235]Onoka CA Hanson K Hanefeld J Towards universal coverage: a policy analysis of the development of the National Health Insurance Scheme in Nigeria Health Policy and Planning 30 2014 1105 1117 25339634
  130. [236]Atun RA Menabde N Saluvere K Jesse M Habicht J Introducing a complex health innovation, primary health care reforms in Estonia (multimethods evaluation) Health Policy 79 2006 79 91 16406131
  131. [242]Light DW Universal health care: lessons from the British experience Am J Public Health 93 2003 25 30 12511379 PMC1447686
  132. [244]Blecher M Pillay A Patcharanarumol W Health financing lessons from Thailand for South Africa on the path towards universal health coverage S Afr Med J 106 2016 4 5 27245713
  133. [246]Witter S Anderson I Annear P What, why and how do health systems learn from one another? Insights from eight low- and middle-income country case studies Health Res Policy Syst 17 2019 9 30665412 PMC6341535
  134. [247]Meng Q Mills A Wang L Han Q What can we learn from China's health system reform? BMJ 365 2019 l2349 PMC6598719 31217222
  135. [248]Espinosa-González AB Normand C Challenges in the implementation of PHC reforms: a qualitative analysis of stakeholders' views in Turkey BMJ Open 9 2019 e027492 PMC6661696 31326929
  136. [249]Onoka CA Onwujekwe OE Uzochukwu BS Ezumah NN Promoting universal financial protection: constraints and enabling factors in scaling-up coverage with social health insurance in Nigeria Health Res Policy Syst 11 2013 20 23764306 PMC3686590
  137. [250]Chathukulam J Tharamangalam J The Kerala model in the time of COVID19: rethinking state, society, and democracy World Dev 137 2021 105207 PMC7510531 32989341
  138. [253]Yu H Universal health insurance coverage for 1·3 billion people: What accounts for China's success? Health Policy 119 2015 1145 1152 26251322 PMC7114832
  139. [254]Bump JB Baum F Sakornsin M Yates R Hofman K Political economy of covid-19: Extractive, regressive, competitive BMJ 372 2021 372 373 PMC7819150 33483317
  140. [255]Rifkin SB Fort M Patcharanarumol W Tangcharoensathien V Primary healthcare in the time of COVID-19: breaking the silos of healthcare provision BMJ Glob Health 6 2021 e007721 PMC8572355 34732515

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Hanson, K., Brikci, N., Erlangga, D., Alebachew, A., De Allegri, M., Balabanova, D., Blecher, M., Cashin, C., Esperato, A., Hipgrave, D., Kalisa, I., Kurowski, C., Meng, Q., Morgan, D., Mtei, G., Nolte, E., Onoka, C., Powell-Jackson, T., Roland, M., Sadanandan, R., Stenberg, K., Vega Morales, J., Wang, H., & Wurie, H.
Affiliations
  • London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
  • National Treasury (ZA)
  • Results for Development Institute (US)
  • Gates Foundation (US)
  • United Nations Children's Fund (US)
  • World Bank (US)
  • Peking University (CN)
  • Organisation de Coopération et de Développement Economiques (FR)
  • University of Nigeria (NG)
  • University of Cambridge (GB)
  • World Health Organization (CH)
  • University of Sierra Leone (SL)
Corresponding author
Hanson, Kara
ORCID
Venue
The Lancet Global Health
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2022-05
Volume
10
Issue
5
Pages
e715-e772
ISSN
2214-109X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00005-5
PMC
PMC9005653
OpenAlex
W4224108448
Cited by
525
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 137 · 2025: 155 · 2024: 98 · 2023: 102 · 2022: 33
FWCI
20.17
Type
journal article
Language
en
Update notices
erratum (2023-04-01)
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • The Lancet Global Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (submittedVersion)
  • Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Greater South Information System
Funders
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Healthcare Systems and Reforms
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare Systems and Practices
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Primary Care and Health Outcomes
Keywords
primary health care financing, global health policy
MeSH terms
Delivery of Health Care, Humans, Primary Health Care, Global Health, Healthcare Financing

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review